Neve Shalom Synagogue massacre

Neve Shalom Synagogue (Turkish: Neve Şalom Sinagogu, Hebrew: בית הכנסת נווה שלום; lit. "Oasis of Peace" or "Valley of Peace") is a synagogue in the Karaköy quarter of Beyoğlu district, in Istanbul, Turkey. The synagogue was built in response to an increase in the Jewish population in the old Galata neighborhood (today encompassed by Beyoğlu district) in the late 1930s. A Jewish primary school was torn down in 1949 for that purpose and the synagogue was built on its ruins. The construction completed in 1951. Its architects were Elyo Ventura and Bernar Motola, young Turkish Jews. The inauguration of the synagogue was held on Sunday, March 25, 1951 (17 Adar 5711, Hebrew calendar), in the presence of the Chief Rabbi of Turkey of the time, Hahambaşı Rav. Rafael David Saban. Neve Shalom is the central and largest Sephardic synagogue in Istanbul, open to service especially on Shabbats, High Holidays, bar mitzvahs, funerals and weddings. Neve Shalom suffered three terrorist attacks: On September 6, 1986, gunmen opened fire during a Shabbat service, which resulted in the death of 22 people. The attack was attributed to the Palestinian militant Abu Nidal. On March 1, 1992, a bomb attack was carried out by two men, causing no damage or casualties. On November 16, 2003, the synagogue was hit by one of four car bomb attacks carried out in Istanbul that week (see 2003 Istanbul bombings). Even though a local Turkish militant group, the Great Eastern Islamic Raiders' Front, claimed responsibility for the attacks, police claimed the bombings were "too sophisticated to have been carried out by that group", with a senior Israeli government source saying: "the attack must have been at least coordinated with international terror organizations".

Jewish Museum of Turkey (officially Quincentennial Foundation Museum of Turkish Jews; Turkish: 500. Yıl Vakfı Türk Musevileri Müzesi) is a cultural center established by the Quincentennial Foundation to inform the society of the traditions and history of Turkish Jewry. It was inaugurated on November 25, 2001. The Quincentennial Foundation was established in 1989 by 113 Turkish citizens, Jews and Muslims alike, to celebrate the five hundredth anniversary of the arrival of Sephardim to the Ottoman Empire. The idea of a museum was proposed by Naim Güleryüz who is now its curator and the foundation was financed by the prominent Jewish Kamhi family. Historian Marc David Baer sees the museum, although ostensibly dedicated to promoting a positive view of Jewish existence in the Ottoman Empire, as ultimately focused on supporting Turkey's Armenian genocide denial. Turkish Jewish leaders have acknowledged their efforts to counter recognition of the Armenian genocide.

The Zülfaris Synagogue (Turkish: Zülfaris Sinagogu), also known as the Kal Kadoş Galata Synagogue, is a former Jewish congregation and synagogue located at 39 Büyük Hendek Street, in the Beyoğlu neighbourhood of Istanbul, Turkey. Completed in 1823 and used as a synagogue until 1985, the building was repurposed in 2001 as a Jewish museum.

Şişhane is an underground station on the M2 line of the Istanbul Metro. The station is located under Meşrutiyet Street in Beyoğlu, Istanbul. Şişhane has an entrance to Istanbul's famous İstiklâl Caddesi as well as entrances to Kasımpaşa. An out-of-system connection is available to the historic Tünel funicular line as well as the T2 tram line. Many city buses that run along Tarlabaşı Boulevard are just a few blocks away from Şişhane's Kasımpaşa portal. Şişhane was opened on 31 January 2009 along with Atatürk Oto Sanayi on the northern part of the line. Between 2009-14 trains from Şişhane would operate as a shuttle to Taksim and back. When the M2 was extended south to Yenikapı in 2014, trains operated normally traversing the full line.

The Italian Synagogue, also known as Kal de los Frankos, is a synagogue located north of the Golden Horn in Istanbul, Turkey. The synagogue was established by the Italian Jewish community of Istanbul, (Comunità Israelitico-Italiana di Istanbul), in the 19th century. In 1931 the original building was demolished and a new synagogue was built in its place.

SS Peter and Paul (Turkish: Sen Pier ve Sen Paul Kilisesi, Italian: Chiesa dei Santi Pietro e Paolo a Galata) is a Roman Catholic church in Istanbul, important for historical reasons. The church owns an icon of the Virgin of the Hodegetria type, which originally lay in a Dominican church in Caffa, Crimea. The current building is a nineteenth-century (1841 to 1843) reconstruction of the Fossati brothers.

The Metrohan Building (Turkish: Metrohan Binası) is a 7-story office building in Beyoğlu, Istanbul. The building was built between 1912 and 1914. The ground floor of the building contains the Beyoğlu Tünel station, which is the northern terminus of the historic 573 m (1,880 ft) long funicular railway. The building gets its name from the railway itself; as Metro Han can be translated to Metro House or Metro Building.

Bereketzade Ali Efendi Mosque is a mosque in Istanbul, Turkey.

Beyoğlu is a station on the historic Tünel funicular railway in Beyoğlu, Istanbul. Located on Tünel Square, just of İstiklal Avenue, it is the northern and upper terminus of the 573 m (1,880 ft) railway. The station is located on the ground floor of the Metrohan Building, which serves as a administrative office building for the IETT.

St. George's Austrian High School (Turkish: Sankt Georg Avusturya Lisesi, German: Österreichisches Sankt Georgs-Kolleg) is a private Austrian-Turkish high school located in Karaköy, Beyoğlu, Istanbul, Turkey. It is one of several secondary schools that were founded by European or American missions in Turkey during the 19th century, but were then secularized after the founding of the modern Turkish Republic in 1923. Today, the school is subject to regulation by the Turkish Ministry of National Education, and almost its entire student body is Turkish, but a large part of its administrative and teaching staff remains Austrian (appointed by the Austrian Ministry of Education, Arts and Culture), and it offers a mixture of Turkish and Austrian curricula in a bilingual environment.

Arap Mosque (Turkish: Arap Camii, literally Arab Mosque) is a mosque in the Karaköy quarter of Istanbul, Turkey. The building was originally a Roman Catholic church erected in 1325 by the friars of the Dominican Order, near or above an earlier chapel dedicated to Saint Paul (Italian: San Paolo) in 1233. Although the structure was altered during the Ottoman period, it is the only example of medieval religious Gothic architecture remaining in Istanbul. The church was converted into a mosque by the Ottomans between 1475 and 1478, during the reign of Sultan Mehmed II, and became known as the Galata Mosque. It was later given by Sultan Bayezid II to Muslim Arab refugees from Al-Andalus who escaped the Spanish Inquisition in 1492 and settled in the Galata neighborhood of Istanbul (hence its current name, Arab Mosque).

Beyoğlu (Turkish pronunciation: [ˈbejoːɫu]) is a district on the European side of İstanbul, Turkey, separated from the old city (historic peninsula of Constantinople) by the Golden Horn. It was known as the region of Pera (Πέρα, meaning "Beyond" in Greek, French spelling Péra) surrounding the ancient coastal town Galata which faced Constantinople across the Horn. Beyoğlu continued to be named Pera during the Middle Ages and, in western languages, into the early 20th century. According to the prevailing theory, the Turkish name of Pera, Beyoğlu, is a modification by folk etymology of the Venetian ambassadorial title of Bailo, whose palazzo was the most grandiose structure in this quarter. The informal Turkish-language title Bey Oğlu (literally Son of a Bey) was originally used by the Ottoman Turks to describe Lodovico Gritti, Istanbul-born son of Andrea Gritti, who was the Venetian Bailo in Istanbul during the reign of Sultan Bayezid II (r. 1481–1512) and was later elected Doge of Venice in 1523. Bey Oğlu thus referred to Lodovico Gritti, who established close relations with the Sublime Porte, and whose mansion was near the present-day Taksim Square. Located further south in Beyoğlu and originally built in the early 16th century, the "Venetian Palace" was the seat of the Bailo. The original palace building was replaced by the existing one in 1781, which later became the Italian Embassy following Italy's unification in 1861, and the Italian Consulate in 1923, when Ankara became the capital of the Republic of Turkey.The district encompasses other neighborhoods located north of the Golden Horn, including Galata (the medieval Genoese citadel from which Beyoğlu itself originated, which is today known as Karaköy), Tophane, Cihangir, Şişhane, Tepebaşı, Tarlabaşı, Dolapdere and Kasımpaşa, and is connected to the old city center across the Golden Horn through the Galata Bridge, Atatürk Bridge and Golden Horn Metro Bridge. Beyoğlu is the most active art, entertainment and nightlife centre of Istanbul.