Piedimonte Etneo

Fiumefreddo di Sicilia (Italian pronunciation: [ˌfjumeˈfreddo di siˈtʃiːlja]; Sicilian: Ciumifriddu) is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Catania on the coast of the Ionian Sea on the island of Sicily, southern Italy. It shares its borders with the municipalities of Calatabiano to the north, Mascali to the south and Piedimonte Etneo to the west. The commune gets its name from the Fiumefreddo River which runs alongside the territory of the comune. The word "fiumefreddo" means literally "cold river", a reference to the fact that the river is fed by snow melts from Mount Etna. Fiumefreddo di Sicilia is near the major Etna tourist centres. The SS120 to Mount Etna and Randazzo start from there. Fiumefreddo di Sicilia was so named to distinguish it from Fiumefreddo Bruzio, in the Province of Cosenza. Currently the town has almost 10,000 inhabitants.

Mascali (Sicilian: Màscali) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located about 170 kilometres (110 mi) east of Palermo and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northeast of Catania. The town of Mascali was entirely rebuilt after its almost complete destruction by lava from the nearby Etna in 1928.

Saint Alphys (in Italian: Sant'Alfio) or (Sicilian: Sant'Arfiu) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, about 160 kilometres (99 mi) east of Palermo and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of Catania. Saint Alphys borders the following municipalities: Adrano, Belpasso, Biancavilla, Bronte, Castiglione di Sicilia, Giarre, Linguaglossa, Maletto, Mascali, Milo, Nicolosi, Piedimonte Etneo, Randazzo, Zafferana Etnea.

The Hundred-Horse Chestnut (Italian: Castagno dei Cento Cavalli; Sicilian: Castagnu dî Centu Cavaddi) is the largest and oldest known chestnut tree in the world. Located on Linguaglossa road in Sant'Alfio, on the eastern slope of Mount Etna in Sicily — only 8 km (5.0 mi) from the volcano's crater — it is generally believed to be 2,000 to 4,000 years old (4,000 according to botanist Bruno Peyronel from Turin). It is a sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa, family Fagaceae). Guinness World Records has listed it for the record of "Greatest Tree Girth Ever", noting that it had a circumference of 57.9 m (190 ft) when it was measured in 1780. Above ground, the tree has since split into multiple large trunks, but below ground, these trunks still share the same roots. An early 1895 image with a man next to the tree for perspective, shows it was closer to 10 m in diameter at breast height, rather than the claimed 18.5 m in diameter at breast height. Despite its name, the tree is not a horse chestnut. Rather, the tree's name originated from a legend in which a queen of Aragon and her company of 100 knights, during a trip to Mount Etna, were caught in a severe thunderstorm. The entire company is said to have taken shelter under the tree.

Riposto (Sicilian: Ripostu) is a comune (municipality) in the Catania area of southern Italy. The small seafront town is located about 220 kilometres (140 mi) southeast of Palermo and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of Catania.

Giarre-Riposto, later known as Ionia, was a comune (municipality) that existed from 1939 to 1945 in the province of Catania, Italy.

Gaggi (Sicilian: Kaggi) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Messina in the Italian region of Sicily, located about 160 kilometres (99 mi) east of Palermo and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) southwest of Messina. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,812 and an area of 7.3 square kilometres (2.8 sq mi). The municipality of Gaggi contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Cavallaro, Palmara, Falcò, Costa arancione, and Billirè. Gaggi borders the following municipalities: Castelmola, Castiglione di Sicilia, Graniti, Mongiuffi Melia, Taormina.

The Alcantara (Sicilian: Arcàntara or Càntara) is a river in Sicily, southern Italy. It has its source on the south side of Monti Nebrodi and its mouth in the Ionian Sea at Capo Schiso in Giardini-Naxos. The river is 52 kilometres (32 mi) long. The name Alcantara is of Arabic origin (القنطرة, al-Qanṭarah, 'the Arch') and refers to a bridge from Roman times found by the Arabs. Thucydides called it Akesines Potamos (Ancient Greek: Ἀκεσίνης - Akesínes) while its Latin names were Assinus, Assinos, Asines, Asinius, Onobala, Onobalas, and Acesines. Cantera was another hydronym for it, adopted by Normans. The river is mentioned by Thucydides on occasion of the attack made on Naxos by the Messenians in 425 BCE.

Graniti is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Messina in the Italian region Sicily, located about 160 kilometres (99 mi) east of Palermo and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) southwest of Messina. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,550 and an area of 10.0 square kilometres (3.9 sq mi). Graniti borders the following municipalities: Antillo, Castiglione di Sicilia, Gaggi, Mongiuffi Melia, Motta Camastra.

Castiglione di Sicilia (Sicilian: Castigghiuni di Sicilia) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in Sicily, southern Italy. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").Castiglione di Sicilia lies about 160 kilometres (99 mi) east of Palermo and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) north of Catania. It borders the following municipalities: Adrano, Belpasso, Biancavilla, Bronte, Calatabiano, Francavilla di Sicilia, Gaggi, Graniti, Linguaglossa, Maletto, Malvagna, Mojo Alcantara, Motta Camastra, Nicolosi, Piedimonte Etneo, Randazzo, Roccella Valdemone, Sant'Alfio, Taormina, Zafferana Etnea.

Torre Archirafi (Sicilian: A Turri) is a frazione of the comune (municipality) of Riposto in the Catania area of southern Italy. The small fishing village is located about 32 kilometres (20 mi) northeast of Catania and about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) south of Riposto.

Schisò Castle (in Italian Castello di Schisò) is a 16th-century fortress on Cape Schisò in Giardini Naxos, Sicily, Italy.