Russo-Crimean Wars

The Battle of Molodi (Russian: Би́тва при Мóлодях) was one of the key battles of Ivan the Terrible's reign. It was fought near the village of Molodi, 40 miles (64 km) south of Moscow, in July–August 1572 between the 40,000–60,000-strong horde of Devlet I Giray of Crimea and about 23,000–25,000 Russians led by Prince Mikhail Vorotynsky. The Crimeans had burned Moscow the previous year, but this time they were thoroughly defeated. While the Tsardom of Russia was involved in the Livonian War, the Crimean khan hoped to make profit from the weakness of its southern borders. In the course of three expeditions, Devlet I Giray devastated South Russia and even sacked and set Moscow to fire in 1571. On 26 July 1572 the huge horde of the khan, equipped with cannons and reinforced by Turkish janissaries, crossed the Oka River near Serpukhov, decimated the Russian vanguard of 200 men, and advanced towards Moscow in order to pillage it once again. Little did they know, however, that the Russians had prepared for the new invasion, setting up innovative fortifications just beyond the Oka. The Russian forces, variously estimated at between 23,000–25,000 men, were placed under the supreme command of Prince Mikhail Vorotynsky. Prince Repnin led the left flank, while the right flank was commanded by Prince Odoevsky. On 30 July the armies clashed near the Lopasnya River without so much as a prior reconnaissance. The fighting continued for several days, reaching its peak on 8 August. The large amount of close-in fighting made the Tatars' famed skill in archery quite useless: the battle was fought principally with sabers and spears. Artillery and arquebuses were also used by the Russians to great effect. The outcome was decided by Prince Khvorostinin who bypassed the horde with his gulyay-gorod (гуляй-город) mobile fortifications and infiltrated into the rear. After the battle, only 20,000 Tatar horsemen returned to the Crimea, while the khan left his tent and banner on the battlefield and barely managed to escape alive. The battle claimed the lives of his sons and a grandson. Based on contemporary documents, the Russian forces were as follows: Contemporary chronicles give very large and unreliable figures when talking about the Tatar army. The Novgorod Second Chronicle gives its strength as 120,000 and the Moscow Chronicle about 150 thousand. According to modern Russian historians, the khan's army most likely numbered 40,000-60,000, of which two-thirds were the Crimean army proper, and the rest Nogai, Circassians, and janissaries sent by the Ottoman Sultan.

Ostafyevo is a railway station of Line D2 of the Moscow Central Diameters in Moscow. It was opened in 2020.

Ostafyevo (Russian: Остафьево) (IATA: OSF, ICAO: UUMO) is a "B" class international airport, located 14 km (8.7 mi) to the south of Moscow Ring Road in Novomoskovsky administrative okrug of Moscow. The airport is owned by Gazpromavia company, a division of Gazprom. It was renovated and opened for civilian flights in 2000 on the grounds of a former military airbase. Ostafyevo features a new modern glass terminal, and caters primarily to business aviation. It can handle aircraft such as the Boeing 737-700, Bombardier Global Express, Dassault Falcon 2000, Antonov An-12, Ilyushin Il-18, Yakovlev Yak-42, Tupolev Tu-134 and smaller, as well as helicopters of all types.

Shcherbinka is a railway station of Line D2 of the Moscow Central Diameters in Moscow. It was opened in 1895 and will be rebuilt soon.

Shcherbinka (Russian: Ще́рбинка) is a town, formerly in Moscow Oblast, Russia, and since July 1, 2012 a federal city subject (settlement) of Moscow, Russia. It is located 37 kilometers (23 mi) south of the center of Moscow. Population: 32,450 (2010 Census); 28,043 (2002 Census); 28,011 (1989 Census).

Buninskaya Alleya (Russian: Бу́нинская алле́я) is the southern terminus of the Butovskaya Line of the Moscow Metro, and the southernmost station of the entire system. It was opened on 27 December 2003. Like most other stations of the line, it is located above the ground. The station bears the name of a nearby street which is named after 20th century Russian writer Ivan Bunin. There is a possibility to extend the line further south behind the Buninskaya Alleya station, but this is not included into the extension programme until 2020. A transfer to the Sokolnicheskaya line is planned after 2023.

Ulitsa Gorchakova (Russian: У́лица Горчако́ва) is a station on the Butovskaya Line of the Moscow Metro system in Moscow, Russia. It was opened on 27 December 2003 along with four other stations. The station is located in Yuzhnoye Butovo District, between two other stations of the same line, Bulvar Admirala Ushakova and Buninskaya Alleya.

Bulvar Admirala Ushakova (Russian: Бульва́р Адмира́ла Ушако́ва) is a station on the Butovskaya Line of the Moscow Metro system in Moscow, Russia. It was opened on 27 December 2003 along with four other stations. The station is located in Yuzhnoye Butovo District, between two other stations of the same line, Ulitsa Skobelevskaya and Ulitsa Gorchakova. The station, which name literally means Admiral Ushakov Boulevard, was named after the nearby street, and the street was named after the 18th-century Russian naval commander Fyodor Ushakov.

Yuzhnoye Butovo District (Southern Butovo, Russian: Ю́жное Бу́тово) is the biggest residential district in South-Western Administrative Okrug of Moscow, Russia. The district's history dates back to 1612, and it is named after a Don Cossack Butov. The area of the district is 27 square kilometres (10 sq mi). The population (July 2016) was 207,903.

Ulitsa Skobelevskaya (Russian: У́лица Ско́белевская) is a station on the Butovskaya Line of the Moscow Metro system in Moscow, Russia. Opened on 27 December 2003 along with four other stations, it is named after the street that it serves, dedicated to Russian-Turkish war hero Mikhail Skobelev. Two of the station's lobbies are located on Admiral Ushakov Boulevard and on Skobelev street. In the centre of the platform there are enclosed escalators and a lift for disabled access to the station. The design of Ulitsa Skobelevskaya station is simple and almost identical to the four other stations to the south. It is located on an elevated viaduct with a light green and curvy canopy stretching over the entire platform. There are large sound and wind barriers on either side of the platform. The single island platform itself is 90m (295 feet) long, 7m (22 feet) wide, and 9.6 (31 feet) above the ground.