Siege of Landau (1793)

Landau (Palatine German: Landach), officially Landau in der Pfalz (German pronunciation: [ˈlandaʊ ɪn deːɐ ˈpfalts]), is an autonomous (kreisfrei) town surrounded by the Südliche Weinstraße ("Southern Wine Route") district of southern Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is a university town (since 1990), a long-standing cultural centre, and a market and shopping town, surrounded by vineyards and wine-growing villages of the Palatinate wine region. Landau lies east of the Palatinate forest, on the German Wine Route. It contains the districts (Ortsteile) of Arzheim, Dammheim, Godramstein, Mörlheim, Mörzheim, Nussdorf, Queichheim, and Wollmesheim.

The siege of Landau (16 June – 12 September 1702) saw an army from the Holy Roman Empire led by Louis William, Margrave of Baden-Baden lay siege to the fortress city of Landau which was held for the Kingdom of France. The French defenders led by Ezéchiel du Mas, Comte de Mélac resisted vigorously but were forced to surrender after a three-month leaguer. This action of the War of the Spanish Succession occurred at Landau in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, located 49 kilometres (30 mi) southwest of Mannheim. The earliest actions from the war were focused in northern Italy in 1701, but military activity began in the Electoral Palatinate the following year. In the Palatinate, Louis of Baden and an Imperial army crossed the Rhine River at Speyer and moved south to invest Landau. Unwilling to challenge his stronger foes, Nicolas Catinat with his French army watched from a distance as the Landau defenses were methodically reduced by siege artillery, mining and infantry attacks. After losing a key defensive position, Mélac and his garrison were forced to capitulate. At this time, the Electorate of Bavaria became a French ally, tipping the balance of power and causing Louis of Baden to withdraw. The next clash was the Battle of Friedlingen on 14 October 1702.

The siege of Landau of 1704 was the third of four such sieges during the War of the Spanish Succession. It lasted 77 days from 9 September to 25 November 1704, when the French garrison surrendered to the forces of the Grand Alliance.Following the Allied victory at the Battle of Blenheim on 13 August 1704, the remnant of the French Army of Alsace under Ferdinand de Marsin withdrew towards Strasbourg while the Army of Flanders under the Duc de Villeroy covered its retreat. Villeroy reinforced the garrison of Landau with six infantry battalions and some engineers and artillery officers—about 2,000 men—and provided it with provisions and munitions. The garrison, which had about 5,000 men before reinforcement, was commanded by Lieutenant General Yrieix Masgontier de Laubanie.The Imperial Army—including Austrian and Prussian contingents and Kreistruppen—under Margrave Louis of Baden numbered some 40,000 at the start of the campaign in June. During the Battle of Blenheim, it had been unsuccessfully besieging Ingolstadt. While the forces of the Duke of Marlborough and Prince Eugene of Savoy pursued Villeroy south and took up covering positions on the river Lauter, preventing any chance of relief for the fortress, Baden began the investment of Landau by digging trenches on 9 September. The trenches were opened on 13 September. As Marlborough had marched without the siege train, the besiegers were relatively short of artillery. This was augmented, however, by that captured at the fall of Ulm on 10 September, which probably arrived on 20 September. Thereafter, the Allied method was one of "massive bombardment" in the style of Menno van Coehoorn.On 28 September, Joseph, King of the Romans, arrived and took nominal command of the siege. The rate of bombardment increased in October, while the defenders launched several sorties to disrupt the sappers. On 10 October, Laubanie was blinded during a bombardment, but remained in command. By November, the locks by which the defenders could control the flooding of certain ditches by the river Queich were destroyed and Marlborough had moved from his covering position to attack certain fortresses on the Moselle. On 23 November, following the loss of the covered way, Laubanie held a conference with his officers. The chamade was beaten and the garrison surrendered on 25 November. The garrison marched out the next day. The Imperial Army entered on 28 November.The defenders inflicted severe casualties on the attackers, who suffered 9,322 casualties of all types. At the capitulation, the garrison had between 2,600 and 5,000 killed, wounded or sick.

Landau-Land is a Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the Südliche Weinstraße district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is situated on the eastern edge of the Palatinate forest, around Landau. The seat of the municipality is in Landau, itself not part of the municipality. The Verbandsgemeinde Landau-Land consists of the following Ortsgemeinden ("local municipalities"): Billigheim-Ingenheim Birkweiler Böchingen Eschbach Frankweiler Göcklingen Heuchelheim-Klingen Ilbesheim bei Landau in der Pfalz Impflingen Knöringen Leinsweiler Ranschbach Siebeldingen Walsheim

St. Maria is the common name of the Catholic parish church of Landau, Palatinate, Germany. The official name is Stadtpfarrkirche St. Mariä Himmelfahrt (English: Parish Church of St. Mary of the Assumption). It is dedicated to the Assumption of Mary. Built in Romanesque Revival style, it is also called Marienkirche, and Dom zu Landau, for its dominant size reminiscent of a cathedral. It is a listed building of Landau.

Zoo Landau in der Pfalz is a 4-hectare (9.9-acre) zoo in Landau in der Pfalz, Germany. It was founded in 1904. The governing body is the municipality of the city of Landau in der Pfalz (Landau/Palatinate/Germany). The zoo is situated in the city center, along the historic remains of a French fort. The average yearly number of paying visitors is between 155,000 and 170,000. The zoo is home to about 600 animals representing 110 species of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, and invertebrates. The current total number of employees is 20. Zoo Landau is a member of the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria (EAZA) and the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA). The zoo's mission is the implementation of the objectives of the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums conservation strategy with a strong dedication to education, in-situ conservation and research. Among the rare and endangered species which are kept in the zoo are Philippine spotted deer, white-naped mangabeys, Northeast African cheetah and Madagascar side-necked turtles.

The University of Koblenz and Landau (German: Universität Koblenz-Landau) was a public university located in Koblenz and Landau, Germany, founded in 1990. The University of Koblenz was created on January 1, 2023 through the restructuring of the Rhineland-Palatinate universities from the former University of Koblenz-Landau. The Landau campus joined with the University of Kaiserslautern-Landau.

Landau (Pfalz) Hauptbahnhof (Landau (Pfalz) main station) is the centre of public transport in the city of Landau in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate.

Queichheim is a quarter of Landau in der Pfalz in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. Queichheim, with about 3,100 inhabitants as of 2004, is located east of the railroad line from Karlsruhe to Neustadt, south of the Queich River, and it borders on the inner city.

Impflingen (German: [ˈɪmp͡flɪŋən] ) is a municipality in Südliche Weinstraße district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, western Germany.

Walsheim is a municipality in Südliche Weinstraße district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, western Germany.

Böchingen is a municipality in the Südliche Weinstraße district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.