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Fertőrákos

Győr-Moson-Sopron geography stubsPopulated places in Győr-Moson-Sopron County
Fertőrákos Palace
Fertőrákos Palace

Fertőrákos (German: Kroisbach) is a village in the county of Győr-Moson-Sopron in Hungary. In 2001 it had a population of 2,182. It is located at 47°43′15″N 16°39′0″E, about 10 km (6 mi) from Sopron, near Lake Fertő (German: Neusiedler See) and the Austrian border. In summer, a border checkpoint for pedestrians and cyclists connects it to the Austrian municipality of Mörbisch am See (Hungarian: Meggyes). The Fertorakos mithraeum is visible near the border. Fertőrákos also features a small port with a border checkpoint, and a sand beach swimming area, access to which prior to 1989 was restricted to the communist elite. The village was first mentioned in 1199 under the name Racus. In 1457 it was first mentioned in German language as Krewspach, later Kroisbach. Today, it forms part of the Austrian-Hungarian national park and joint World Heritage Site of Lake Fertő. The Wagner - Liszt Fesztivál is an annual event held at the Fertőrákos cave theater and in Sopron. Following the occupation of Hungary in 1944, the new extremist pro-nazi regime established a 'transit/labour camp' in a quarry in Fertőrákos, to which Hungarian Jewish and political prisoners were sent, and many thousands died here, with others transported onward to Nazi concentration camps in German-occupied Poland and Germany. The site of the transit camp can be visited, and has a memorial plaque.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Fertőrákos (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Fertőrákos
Fő utca, Soproni járás

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Geographical coordinates (GPS)

Latitude Longitude
N 47.72017 ° E 16.65197 °
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Fő utca 152
9421 Soproni járás
Hungary
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Fertőrákos Palace
Fertőrákos Palace
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Pan-European Picnic
Pan-European Picnic

The Pan-European Picnic (German: Paneuropäisches Picknick; Hungarian: páneurópai piknik; Slovak: Paneurópsky piknik) was a peace demonstration held on the Austrian-Hungarian border near Sopron, Hungary on 19 August 1989. The opening of the border gate between Austria and Hungary at the Pan-European Picnic turned out to be another initiative of a widely building peaceful chain reaction, at the end of which Germany reunified, the Iron Curtain fell apart, and the Eastern Bloc disintegrated. The communist governments and the Warsaw Pact subsequently dissolved, ending the Cold War. As a result, this dissolution also led to the disintegration of the Soviet Union.The idea of opening the border at a ceremony and testing the Soviet Union's response came from Otto von Habsburg, then the President of the Paneuropean Union, and was brought up by him to Miklós Németh, then the Hungarian Prime Minister, who also promoted the idea.The Pan-European Picnic itself developed from a meeting between Otto von Habsburg and Ferenc Mészáros of the Hungarian Democratic Forum (MDF) in June 1989. The local organisation in Sopron took over the Hungarian Democratic Forum, and the other contacts were made via Habsburg and the Hungarian Minister of State Imre Pozsgay. The Austrian Paneuropean Union and the MDF took care of advertising the event with leaflets that were distributed in Hungary. The patrons of the picnic, Habsburg and Pozsgay, who were not present at the event, saw the planned event as an opportunity to test Mikhail Gorbachev's reaction to an opening of the border on the Iron Curtain.The official emblem of the picnic was a pigeon breaking through the barbed wire. At the picnic several hundred East German citizens overran the old wooden gate, reaching Austria unhindered by the border guards around Árpád Bella. It was the largest mass exodus since the Berlin Wall was built in 1961. The Hungarian borders were opened on 11 September, and the Berlin Wall fell on 9 November. The Warsaw Pact disintegrated in 1991.