Institute for Astronomy, Astrophysics, Space Applications and Remote Sensing

The Penteli Observatory (Greek: Αστεροσκοπείο Πεντέλης), also known as the Penteli Astronomical Stationis (Αστρονομικός Σταθμός Πεντέλης), is an astronomical observatory in Penteli, Greece, operated by the National Observatory of Athens. It is best known for housing the historic Newall Refractor, which used to be the largest telescope in the world before its move there. From 1959 to 1980 it was a major site for scientific research, though since then it has been facing severe light pollution problems resulting in its gradual conversion into a public observatory, especially after the establishment of the Visitor Center there in 1995. Nowadays, the most notable research conducted in the location is the one carried out by the Athens Digisonde, an ionosonde used for ionospheric sounding.

The Newall Telescope is a 62.5 centimetres (24.6 in) refractor in the Penteli Observatory in Penteli, Greece. It was built in 1869 by Thomas Cooke for Robert Stirling Newall and when completed it was the largest telescope in the world. It was located at Newall's private observatory until 1891, when it was moved to the Cambridge Observatory where it stayed until its donation to the National Observatory of Athens and its move to the Penteli Observatory in 1959. The telescope is still operational, though it is only used for educational purposes.

The Interorthodox Centre of the Church of Greece (Greek: Διορθόδοξο Κέντρο της Εκκλησίας της Ελλάδος) is the educational organisation and the convention centre of the Orthodox Church of Greece. It is located in the Holy Monastery of the Dormition of Virgin Mary in Penteli and it is about 15 km away from the centre of Athens.

Penteli (Greek: Πεντέλη) is a village and a municipality in the North Athens regional unit, Attica, Greece. It belongs to the Athens rural area. It takes its name from Mount Pentelicus.

A series of wildfires in Greece, during the 2018 European heat wave, began in the coastal areas of Attica in July 2018. 104 people were confirmed dead from the Mati fires. The fires were the second-deadliest wildfire event in the 21st century, after the 2009 Black Saturday bushfires in Australia that killed 173. Over 700 residents were evacuated or rescued, mainly from the seaside settlements located north of the port town of Rafina, namely Kokkino Limanaki and Mati, where rescuers found 26 corpses trapped just meters away from the sea, apparently hugging each other as they died. Boats also recovered corpses from the water, and rescued hundreds of people from beaches and the sea. Two people drowned when the boat rescuing them from a hotel in Mati capsized. Μore than 4,000 residents were affected by the wildfires. The Greek prime minister Alexis Tsipras declared a state of emergency in Attica, and announced a three-day period of national mourning, stating in a televised address, "The country is going through an unspeakable tragedy".After the fires, flags atop the Acropolis and the Greek parliament flew at half mast. The European flags at the European Commission headquarters in Brussels also flew at half mast in honour of the victims. Many countries worldwide helped or offered aid to Greece. A 65-year-old man from Penteli has been arrested for causing the fire through negligence, by burning wood in his garden.

Rododafni castle (Greek: Καστέλλο της Ροδοδάφνης) is a palace in Penteli, Greece. It is located on the Lord Byron street (Greek: οδού Λόρδου Βύρωνος) on the slope of mount Pentelicus. It was intended as a summer residence for Sophie de Marbois-Lebrun, Duchess of Plaisance and is designed in a neo-gothical style, which was uncommon in 19th century Greece. The name of the palace means Rosetree castle.

Anthousa (Greek: Ανθούσα meaning "in blossom") is a suburban town in Athens East Attica regional unit, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Pallini, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 3.865 km2.

Nea Penteli (Greek: Νέα Πεντέλη) is a small municipal unit - village in the northeastern part of the Athens agglomeration, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Penteli, of which it is a municipal unit.

Gerakas (Greek: Γέρακας) is a town, a suburb of Athens and a former municipality in East Attica, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Pallini, of which it is the seat and a municipal unit.In antiquity Gerakas constituted the Athenian mesogeia deme of Gargettus, in the tribe of Aigeis, according to the administrative model of Cleisthenes. Today, it is a rapidly developing city of the northern mesogea and the eastern gate to the Athens basin. It is known as the birthplace of the famous philosopher Epicurus.The city is set at a significant place at the junction of Ymittos and Penteli foothills. The limits of Gerakas expand from Stavros up to the Koufos and Desi Hills, 12 km northeast of the centre of Athens and just 2 km west of Pallini. The city has a population of 29,939 residents (in 2011), covering a land area of 6.633 km2 and having a population density of 4,514 residents per km2. Gerakas can be seen at an elevation of 190 to 374 meters, giving the area both flat and mountainous characteristics.

Davelis Cave (Greek: Σπήλαιο Νταβέλη) is a well-known cave in Penteli, a mountain to the north of Athens, Greece.

Cydantidae or Kydantidai (Ancient Greek: Κυδαντίδαι) was a deme in ancient Attica, originally of the phyle of Aegeis, after 224/3 BCE of the phyle of Ptolemais, sending one or two delegates to the Athenian Boule.This deme, along with that of Ionidae, venerated the kolokratai; these two demoi were the only ones, as far as we know, to venerate deities together.Its site is located near Mendeli Monastery.

Pentele (Ancient Greek: Πεντέλη) was a deme of ancient Attica, situated at the north-eastern extremity of the Athenian plain, at the marble quarries of Mount Brilessus, which was called Mount Pentelicus from this place. The fact of Pentele being a deme rests upon the authority of Stephanus of Byzantium alone, and has not yet been confirmed by inscriptions. The site of Pentele is tentatively located near modern Penteli.