Battle of Ticonderoga (1759)

The siege of Fort Ticonderoga occurred between 2 July and 6 July 1777 at Fort Ticonderoga, near the southern end of Lake Champlain in the state of New York. Lieutenant General John Burgoyne's 8,000-man army occupied high ground above the fort, and nearly surrounded the defenses. These movements precipitated the occupying Continental Army, an under-strength force of 3,000 under the command of General Arthur St. Clair, to withdraw from Ticonderoga and the surrounding defenses. Some gunfire was exchanged, and there were some casualties, but there was no formal siege and no pitched battle. Burgoyne's army occupied Fort Ticonderoga and Mount Independence, the extensive fortifications on the Vermont side of the lake, without opposition on 6 July. Advance units pursued the retreating Americans. The uncontested surrender of Ticonderoga caused an uproar in the American public and in its military circles, as Ticonderoga was widely believed to be virtually impregnable, and a vital point of defense. General St. Clair and his superior, General Philip Schuyler, were vilified by Congress. Both were eventually exonerated in courts martial, but their careers were adversely affected. Schuyler had already lost his command to Horatio Gates by the time of the court martial, and St. Clair held no more field commands for the remainder of the war.

The capture of Fort Ticonderoga occurred during the American Revolutionary War on May 10, 1775, when a small force of Green Mountain Boys led by Ethan Allen and Colonel Benedict Arnold surprised and captured the fort's small British garrison. The cannons and other armaments at Fort Ticonderoga were later transported to Boston by Colonel Henry Knox in the noble train of artillery and used to fortify Dorchester Heights and break the standoff at the siege of Boston. Capture of the fort marked the beginning of offensive action taken by the Americans against the British. After seizing Ticonderoga, a small detachment captured the nearby Fort Crown Point on May 11. Seven days later, Arnold and 50 men raided Fort Saint-Jean on the Richelieu River in southern Quebec, seizing military supplies, cannons, and the largest military vessel on Lake Champlain. Although the scope of this military action was relatively minor, it had significant strategic importance. It impeded communication between northern and southern units of the British Army, and gave the nascent Continental Army a staging ground for the invasion of Quebec later in 1775. It also involved two larger-than-life personalities in Allen and Arnold, each of whom sought to gain as much credit and honor as possible for these events. Most significantly, in an effort led by Henry Knox, artillery from Ticonderoga was dragged across Massachusetts to the heights commanding Boston Harbor, forcing the British to withdraw from that city.

The La Chute River, also known as Ticonderoga Creek, is a short, fast-moving river, near the Vermont–New York border. It is now almost wholly contained within the municipality of Ticonderoga, New York, connecting the northern end and outlet of the 32-mile (51 km) long Lake George and the southern end of the 107-mile (172 km) long Lake Champlain through many falls and rapids. The river drops about 230 feet (70 m) in its three and a half-mile (6 km) course, which is a larger drop than Niagara Falls (167 ft (52 m)). Part of the Lake Champlain Valley and the St. Lawrence River drainage basin, ultimately its waters flow out of Lake Champlain through the 106 miles (171 km) length of the Richelieu River into the St. Lawrence River and then into the North Atlantic Ocean north of Nova Scotia.

"Fort Independence" is an infrequently used and incorrect alternative name for the extensive Revolutionary War fortifications located on Mount Independence in Orwell, Vermont. Although "Fort Independence" can be found occasionally in Revolutionary War documents referring to the fortifications on Lake Champlain, the proper and official name of the peninsula and fortifications was Mount Independence. During the American Revolution, "Fort Independence" nearly always refers to a fort in the Boston Harbor or one in Bronx County, New York.

Mount Independence on Lake Champlain in Orwell, Vermont, was the site of extensive fortifications built during the American Revolutionary War by the American army to stop a British invasion. Construction began in July 1776, following the American defeat in Canada, and continued through the winter and spring of 1777. After the American retreat on July 5 and 6, 1777, British and Hessian troops occupied Mount Independence until November 1777. After the American Revolution, Mount Independence was farm land, used for grazing sheep and cattle. It is now a state historic site, and was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1972 for its historical significance.

Mount Defiance is an 840 ft (260 m) high hill on the New York side of Lake Champlain, in the northeastern United States. It is notable in that the hill militarily dominates both Fort Ticonderoga and Mount Independence, but it was deemed inaccessible so never fortified. Mount Defiance was previously known as Sugar Loaf. In the 1777 Siege of Fort Ticonderoga, the British army succeeded in positioning artillery on Mount Defiance, causing the Continental Army to withdraw from both forts without a fight. Mount Defiance is located in the town of Ticonderoga in southeastern Essex County.

WANC is a public radio station officially licensed to Ticonderoga, New York, and owned by WAMC, Inc. The station broadcasts at 103.9 MHz at 1,550 watts effective radiated power, and is a repeater of WAMC-FM serving the southern Champlain Valley.

Ticonderoga Pulp and Paper Company Office is a historic office building located at Ticonderoga in Essex County, New York. It was built in 1888 and is a rectangular, two story structure of brick laid in common bond with a rectangular brick addition built about 1910. Both sections have gray slate gable roofs, white painted wood trim, and a denticulated brick cornice. The company was organized in 1877 by Clayton H. Delano, whose house is also listed on the register. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. The building now houses the Ticonderoga Heritage Museum which share the industrial heritage of the area with visitors. It is also the visitors information center for the town.

Hand's Cove is a historically significant geographic feature on the eastern shore of Lake Champlain in Shoreham, Vermont. It was from this area that colonial forces led by Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold crossed the lake for the Capture of Fort Ticonderoga, early in the American Revolutionary War. It is also home to the only known colonial-era blockhouse in the state. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

The Ferris House is a historic house located at 16 Carillon Road in Ticonderoga, Essex County, New York.

Frazier Bridge is a historic Double arched bridge over the La Chute River at Ticonderoga in Essex County, New York. It was built in 1894 and is a double-arched masonry bridge, 23 feet wide and spanning 50 feet at roughly 10 feet above water level. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.

Central School was a historic school building located at Ticonderoga in Essex County, New York. It was built in 1906 and was a 2+1⁄2-story, eleven-bay-wide by seven-bay-deep brick building with Jacobean Revival style features. The features included parapeted gables, round arched entrances, and a steeply pitched multi-gabled roof. A rear 1+1⁄2-story addition had a slate hipped roof. It was built on the site of the Academy, Ticonderoga's first high school. It was used as a school until 1967; from 1967 to 1984 it was used as a civic center for community activities. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988, and was demolished in 2001.