London metropolitan area

The County of London was a county of England from 1889 to 1965, corresponding to the area known today as Inner London. It was created as part of the general introduction of elected county government in England, by way of the Local Government Act 1888. The Act created an administrative County of London, which included within its territory the City of London. However, the City of London and the County of London formed separate ceremonial counties for "non-administrative" purposes. The local authority for the county was the London County Council (LCC), which initially performed only a limited range of functions, but gained further powers during its 76-year existence. The LCC provided very few services within the City of London, where the ancient Corporation monopolised local governance. In 1900, the lower-tier civil parishes and district boards were replaced with 28 new metropolitan boroughs. The territory of the county was 74,903 acres (303.12 km2) in 1961. During its existence there was a long-term decline in population as more residents moved into the outer suburbs; there were periodic reviews of the local government structures in the greater London area and several failed attempts to expand the boundaries of the county. In 1965, the London Government Act 1963 replaced the county with the much larger Greater London administrative area.

Borough Road was a mainline railway station in Southwark, south London, located on Borough Road, close to the location Borough Underground station. It was on the London, Chatham and Dover Railway (LCDR) and was first opened in June 1864 on the LCDR's City Branch. The line crossed the River Thames and ran up through St. Paul's (now Blackfriars) to terminate in the City of London. From 1885, following the closure to passengers of Blackfriars Bridge station, Borough Road was the first stop out of central London for trains heading south from St. Paul's.Ultimately, Borough Road was an early victim of competition from the City & South London Railway's Borough station opened nearby in 1890. Passenger numbers dwindled and Borough Road closed in April 1907, at which time it was owned by the South Eastern and Chatham Railway. Although there is no trace of the platforms, the former entrance to the station still exists below the Southwark Bridge Road viaduct. In 1916, two other stations on the line to the south, Walworth Road and Camberwell, were also closed. Today, main line trains run straight through from Blackfriars to either Loughborough Junction or Denmark Hill, stopping only at Elephant & Castle.

London School of Musical Theatre (LSMT) is an academy of performing arts that was founded by Glenn Lee in 1995. The school is located on Borough Road, near Elephant and Castle.It was originally housed at The Old Vic Theatre and then Her Majesty's Theatre, before moving to premises on Borough Road where it currently operates. In 2015 the school was based at Price Studios in Clapham but later returned to Borough Road following a full building refurbishment in the summer of 2016. The school provides a one-year, full-time, vocational training for mature students wishing to enter a career in Musical Theatre. The ethos of LSMT is to create the environment of a professional company in rehearsal rather than that of an educational institution. The emphasis of the course is on the development of the singing voice as the tool for acting through song alongside a thorough training in dance and drama. Classes are taught by professionals and practitioners working in the industry, with direct experience of the up to the minute requirements of musical theatre. The school is also recognised by agents and producers as one of the leading providers of exceptional talent to the industry. Since its inception in 1995 LSMT have also commissioned and produced new musical theatre writing with many works now published and presented throughout the world. The school employs Charles Miller as its resident composer. Many graduates from LSMT have highly successful careers in West End Theatre, UK Tours, Internationally and in Television and Film.

Borough Road is in Southwark, London SE1. It runs east–west between St George's Circus and Borough High Street.

The Massacre of St George's Fields occurred on 10 May 1768 when government soldiers opened fire on demonstrators that had gathered at St George's Fields, Southwark, in south London. The protest was against the imprisonment of the radical Member of Parliament John Wilkes for writing an article that severely criticised King George III. After the reading of the Riot Act telling the crowds to disperse within the hour, six or seven people were killed when fired on by troops. The incident in Britain entrenched the enduring idiom of "reading the Riot Act to someone", meaning "to reprimand severely", with the added sense of a stern warning. The phrase remains in common use in the English language.

The King's Bench Prison was a prison in Southwark, south London, England, from medieval times until it closed in 1880. It took its name from the King's Bench court of law in which cases of defamation, bankruptcy and other misdemeanours were heard; as such, the prison was often used as a debtor's prison until the practice was abolished in the 1860s. In 1842, it was renamed the Queen's Bench Prison, and became the Southwark Convict Prison in 1872.

Southwark Bridge Road is a road in Southwark, London, England, between Newington Causeway near Elephant and Castle and Southwark Bridge across the River Thames, leading to the City of London, in a meandering route. The road was created by connecting a series of other streets to provide access from the south to Southwark Bridge in 1819, which as a private venture was not able to use the publicly financed road system which had been created to improve access from the south to the City and the Westminster areas by the building of Westminster Bridge and Blackfriars Bridge in the late 18th Century which junction of routes combine at St George's Circus. This connection did not come about until the creation of Southwark Street in the 1880s. It does not start at the main northern roads junction at Elephant and Castle either. At the southern end is the campus of London South Bank University. The Ministry of Sound, a well-known nightclub, is in Gaunt Street, just to the east, and is faced with Two Fifty One, a new mixed-used high-rise building, the construction of which generated issues for the club.The London Fire Brigade Museum and the London Fire Brigade Training Centre were located on the road before the site started to be redeveloped in 2015. At the northern end, across Southwark Street near the river are the Rose Theatre Exhibition, the Financial Times headquarters and Anchor Terrace, a Georgian building standing on the site of Shakespeare's original Globe Theatre. The road is designated the A300.

The Borough Road Gallery is an art gallery at London South Bank University on Borough Road in south London, England. The gallery celebrates the artist David Bomberg who taught at the Borough Polytechnic, now London South Bank University. The gallery includes the Sarah Rose Collection of his pictures and those of other artists in the Borough Group, totalling around 150 works.The gallery opened in June 2012, financed by the UK Heritage Lottery Fund. Artists whose works are featured include: David Bomberg (1890–1957), Dennis Creffield (born 1931), Cliff Holden (born 1919), Thomas Holden (born 1957), Edna Mann (1926–1985), Dorothy Mead (1928–1975), and Miles Richmond (1922–2008).

Ministry of Sound or Ministry of Sound Group is a multimedia entertainment business based in London with a nightclub, shared workspace and private members club, worldwide events operation, music publishing business and fitness studio. James Palumbo is the co-founder and former chairman and CEO of the Group. He handed over the day-to-day running of the business to Lohan Presencer in 2008. In 2018, Presencer became chairman.

The National Bakery School, a culinary school at London South Bank University, London, England, was founded in 1894 and is now the world's oldest bakery school.

London South Bank University (LSBU) is a public university in Elephant and Castle, London. It is based in the London Borough of Southwark, near the South Bank of the River Thames, from which it takes its name. Founded in 1892 as the Borough Polytechnic Institute, it achieved university status in 1992 under the Further and Higher Education Act 1992. In September 2003, the university underwent its most recent name change to become London South Bank University (LSBU) and has since opened several new centres including the School of Health and Social Care, the Centre for Efficient and Renewable Energy in Buildings (CEREB), a new Student Centre, an Enterprise Centre, and a new media centre Elephant Studios. The university has 16,840 students and 1,700 staff.In November 2016, the university was named the Entrepreneurial University of the Year at the Times Higher Education Awards. In the inaugural 2017 Teaching Excellence Framework, London South Bank University was awarded a Silver rating.

The Institute of Optometry is a centre for optometry, based in south London, England. It was established in 1922 as the London Refraction Hospital.