Isola Minore

Isola Maggiore is the second largest island (at approximately 24 hectares (59 acres)) on Lake Trasimeno, in Umbria, central Italy. It is a frazione of the comune of Tuoro sul Trasimeno, and is the only inhabited island on the lake, with a current population of 35.

The Guglielmi Castle, or Isabella Castle, is located in the southern part of the Isola Maggiore, one of the three islands in Trasimeno Lake in the province of Perugia, Umbria, Italy.

The Battle of Lake Trasimene was fought when a Carthaginian force under Hannibal ambushed a Roman army commanded by Gaius Flaminius on 21 June 217 BC, during the Second Punic War. The battle took place on the north shore of Lake Trasimene, to the south of Cortona, and resulted in a heavy defeat for the Romans. War had broken out between Rome and Carthage early in 218 BC. Hannibal, ruler of the Carthaginian territories in south-east Iberia, marched an army through Gaul, crossed the Alps and arrived in Cisalpine Gaul (northern Italy) later that year. The Romans rushed reinforcements north from Sicily but were badly defeated at the Battle of the Trebia. The following spring the Romans positioned an army on each side of the Appenine Mountains, but were surprised when a Carthaginian army more than 50,000 strong crossed the range by a difficult but unguarded route. The Carthaginians moved south into Etruria, plundering, razing the villages and killing all adult males encountered. Flaminius, in charge of the nearest Roman army, set off in pursuit. Hannibal arranged an ambush on the north shore of Lake Trasimene and trapped the Romans. With the Carthaginians attacking unexpectedly from the flank and the rear, possibly in poor visibility, there was no chance for the Romans to form even a rudimentary fighting line and they were defeated after three hours hard fighting. The trap failed to close on the 6,000 Romans at the front of the column, who escaped; later in the day they were surrounded by pursuing Carthaginians and surrendered. Thus all 25,000 Romans in Flaminius's army were killed or captured. This destruction of an entire army as a result of an ambush by another army is widely considered a unique occurrence. Several days later the Carthaginians wiped out the entire cavalry force of the second Roman army, who were not yet aware of the earlier disaster. The Carthaginians then marched towards southern Italy in the hope of winning over some of the ethnic Greek and Italic city-states. News of the defeat caused a panic in Rome and led to the election of Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus as dictator. Impatient with his Fabian strategy of avoiding major battles, the next year the Romans elected Lucius Paullus and Gaius Varro as consuls. These more aggressive commanders engaged Hannibal at the Battle of Cannae in 216 BC, resulting in a third and even worse disaster for Rome; it was followed by thirteen more years of war.

Lake Trasimeno ( TRAH-zim-AY-noh, also US: -⁠EE-, TRAZ-im-; Italian: Lago Trasimeno [ˈlaːɡo traziˈmɛːno]; Latin: Trasumennus; Etruscan: Tarśmina), also referred to as Trasimene ( TRAZ-im-een) or Thrasimene in English, is a lake in the province of Perugia, in the Umbria region of Italy on the border with Tuscany. The lake is south of the river Po and north of the nearby river Tiber and has a surface area of 128 km2 (49.4 sq mi), making it the fourth largest in Italy, slightly smaller than Lake Como. Only two minor streams flow directly into the Lake and none flows out. The water level of the lake fluctuates significantly according to rainfall levels and the seasonal demands from the towns, villages and farms near the shore.

Castiglione del Lago is a town in the province of Perugia of Umbria (central Italy), on the southwest corner of Lake Trasimeno. Orvieto is 59 km (37 mi) south, Chiusi is 21 km (13 mi) to the south west, Arezzo is 56 km (35 mi) to the north west, Cortona is 21 km (13 mi) to the north and Perugia is 47 km (29 mi) to the south east.

Isola Polvese or Polvese Island is an island situated in the southeastern part of Lake Trasimeno and is the largest of the three islands of the lake. The area is of historical and naturalistic interest. Today, the island belongs to the Province of Perugia and is known as a Scientific-Didactic Park, which is a part of Trasimeno Regional Park. The island is a part of Castiglione del Lago.

Lisciano Niccone is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Perugia in the Italian region Umbria, located about 25 km northwest of Perugia. Lisciano Niccone borders the following municipalities: Cortona, Passignano sul Trasimeno, Tuoro sul Trasimeno, Umbertide. It is of medieval origin, and belonged to the comune of Perugia and, from the 16th century, to the Papal States. In its territory are the remains of a castle (11th century) and a church from the same period, dedicated to St. Nicholas.

San Feliciano is a village in the municipality of Magione in the Province of Perugia, Umbria in Italy. From San Feliciano a ferry leaves for the Isola Polvese. It is a fishing village and centre for tourism in the Commune of Magione. Among its attractions is the Museo della Pesca, a joint venture between local authorities and fishermen’s cooperatives. The village lies 4 km south west of Magione and 18 km west of Perugia at the Lake Trasimeno. San Feliciano has around 580 inhabitants,

Terontola-Cortona railway station (Stazione di Terontola-Cortona) is the main station of Cortona, Italy, located in the hamlet of Terontola. It is on the Florence–Rome railway and the line to Foligno (which passes through Perugia) branches off from the station.

Piana is a frazione of the comune of Castiglione del Lago in the Province of Perugia, Umbria, central Italy. It stands at an elevation of 277 metres above sea level. At the time of the Istat census of 2001 it had 206 inhabitants. Churches in Piana

Pucciarelli is a frazione of the comune of Castiglione del Lago in the Province of Perugia, Umbria, central Italy. It stands at an elevation of 291 metres above sea level. At the time of the Istat census of 2001 it had 549 inhabitants.

Panicarola is a frazione of the comune of Castiglione del Lago in the Province of Perugia, Umbria, central Italy. It stands at an elevation of 269 metres above sea level. At the time of the Istat census of 2001 it had 760 inhabitants. Churches in Panicarola