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Spiru Haret University

1991 establishments in RomaniaAcademic scandalsEducational institutions established in 1991Universities in Bucharest
Universitatea „Spiru Haret“, fostă clădirea Creditul Funciar Urban 2014 08 13 1177
Universitatea „Spiru Haret“, fostă clădirea Creditul Funciar Urban 2014 08 13 1177

The Spiru Haret University is a private university in Bucharest, Romania, founded in 1991 by the president of Tomorrow's Romania Foundation, Aurelian Gh. Bondrea, as part of the teaching activities of this foundation. The university claims this has been done according to the model used by Harvard University. The university bears the name of a scientist and reformer of the Romanian education, Spiru Haret, who lived before World War I. On February 14, 2000, the university was accredited by the National Council of Academic Evaluation and Accreditation of Higher Education Institutions. The establishment of the university was confirmed by Law no. 443 of July 5, 2002 and this law has not been abolished. According to the data published by the university in July 2010, it has 30 faculties with 49 specializations and 64 master's degree curricula, being according to the newspaper Financiarul the largest university in Romania. In 2009 enrollment was reported as 311,928 students. Referring to the number of its students, the newspaper mistakenly called it the largest university in the world. It is the second-largest private university in the world, after Islamic Azad University (with 1.3 million students). Pope John Paul II and a former Romanian president, Ion Iliescu, have received honorary doctorates from the university. In 2011, the Spiru Haret University was officially evaluated as an "education-centered university", which is the third and lowest educational quality category of the Romanian universities. Education centered universities have lost the right of organizing doctorate degrees studies. In July 2017, Spiru Haret University ranked on the 27th place out of 103 other universities in Romania.

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Spiru Haret University
Strada Doamnei, Bucharest Centrul Istoric (Sector 3)

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N 44.4332 ° E 26.1013 °
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Strada Doamnei 17-19
030052 Bucharest, Centrul Istoric (Sector 3)
Romania
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Universitatea „Spiru Haret“, fostă clădirea Creditul Funciar Urban 2014 08 13 1177
Universitatea „Spiru Haret“, fostă clădirea Creditul Funciar Urban 2014 08 13 1177
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St. Nicholas–Șelari Church
St. Nicholas–Șelari Church

St. Nicholas–Șelari Church (Romanian: Biserica Sfântul Nicolae–Șelari) is a Romanian Orthodox church located at 16 Blănari Street in the Lipscani district of Bucharest, Romania. It is dedicated to Saint Nicholas. A first church, likely of wood, existed in the vicinity in the 17th or even the 16th century. It is attested in a 1664 document, and mentioned in records from subsequent decades. The church was rebuilt in masonry in 1699–1700; the main ktetor was Paharnic Șerban II Cantacuzino. Severely damaged during the 1802 earthquake, it was rebuilt in a different form over the following two years. In the mid-19th century, it was the church of the chandlers’, cotton-weavers’ and barbers’ guilds. After being badly damaged by the Great Fire of Bucharest, it was demolished in 1860. The rubble of the old church was reused, forming a wall up to four meters thick.Work on the new church proceeded slowly. In 1867, when Prince Carol visited, he was shown the difficult situation and promptly promised a donation from his personal funds. His grant of ten thousand gold coins made the prince a ktetor. The interior painting by Gheorghe Tattarescu dates to the same period. The general aspect of the church, with its Greek- and Gothic Revival touches, goes back to the 1866-1868 rebuilding. Repairs took place in 1903, 1921–1925, 1940, 1971 and, following the appearance of serious cracks due to the 1977 quake, in 1978–1985. Archaeological observations in 1996 determined that the remains of the Cantacuzino church are embedded in the foundation, some three meters below ground.The church is cross-shaped, measuring 25 meters long by 9–16 meters wide. The polygonal Christ Pantocrator dome sits atop the nave, while the octagonal bell tower is above the outer part of the narthex. The altar apse has nine exterior faces, like its 1700 predecessor, and is semicircular on the interior. The facades, which feature a richly decorated cornice, are divided into two sections by a row of bricks. The large lower windows are rectangular, while the upper ones are arched. The western facade features upper and lower pilasters in strong relief, a central recessed rose window, a small triangular pediment and a cornice with palmettes. Four steps lead to a portico framed by an arch supported on two marble columns.The church is listed as a historic monument by Romania's Ministry of Culture and Religious Affairs.

Bucharest Russian Church
Bucharest Russian Church

St. Nicholas Russian Church (Romanian: Biserica Rusă) is located in central Bucharest, Romania, just off University Square. Russian Ambassador Mikhail Nikolaevich Giers initiated the building of a Russian Orthodox church in central Bucharest in 1905. It was meant mainly for the use of the legation employees, as well as for Russians living in the capital city of the Kingdom of Romania. The Court of Emperor Nicholas II provided the funds needed for the building (600,000 gold rubles). The structure occupies a surface of 350 m2 (3,800 sq ft) and it was set in brick and stone. The seven domes (taking the shape of onion domes — characteristic of Russia, but unusual in Romania) were initially covered in gold. The iconostasis was carved in wood and then covered in gold, following the model of Church of the Twelve Apostles in the Moscow Kremlin. The church was finished in 1909, and it was sanctified on November 25, 1909. During World War I, just before the start of the occupation of Bucharest by the Central Powers, it was closed, while all valuables and the archives were transported to Iași and then farther to Saint Petersburg, where they vanished during the Russian Revolution of 1917. After the war, physical damage was repaired by the Russian community in Bucharest, with services starting again in 1921. As the service was held in Old Church Slavonic, it was also attended by ethnic Bulgarians and Serbs in the Romanian capital. As the old Russian priest had died, in 1935 the church was transferred under the authority of the Romanian Government, which meant it for the use of the students and professors at the University of Bucharest. In 1947, at the request of Soviet authorities, the church passed once again under the Patriarchate of Moscow, which named a new Russian priest, also providing the funds for its refurbishment. In 1957 Patriarch Alexius I decided to pass it again to the Romanian Orthodox Church, which had it restored once again. It was sanctified again in 1967 and in 1992 it was again given for the use of the students and professors at the University of Bucharest. Because of its present congregation it is also known as Biserica studenților ("The students' church"). St. Nicholas Church remained under the jurisdiction of the Russian Patriarchate from 1909 until 1934, when Nicolae Titulescu, at that time the head of the Romanian diplomacy, arranged it to be given to the administration of the University of Bucharest. On May 5, 1947, the retreat came under the jurisdiction of Moscow until 1957, when it again became the property of the Romanian Orthodoxy, having the status of the church of exaltation. In 1947, Pavel Statov, a representative of the Moscow Patriarchate, was repaired and the painting was renovated in 1948 by the painter Anatolie Cudinov, and the repairs in 1967 by the painters Eugen Profeta, Victor Zenlichika, and Victor Kostyurin. After the 1977 earthquake, the great tower was cracked, consolidating the entire edifice and reconditioning the painting. Work began in 2000, there being a time-lag due to lack of funds. In 1992, the Blessed Teoctist Father, Patriarch of the Romanian Orthodox Church, attributed to the students the Church of Saint Nicholas (formerly the Russian Church), who thus regains, after 45 years, the Paraclis of the University of Bucharest. Thus, with care and parental love, students welcomed the strong desire to have a church dedicated to missionary work in the student environment.

Bucharest Chamber of Commerce Palace
Bucharest Chamber of Commerce Palace

The Bucharest Chamber of Commerce Palace (Romanian: Palatul Camerei de Comerț București), also the Stock Exchange Palace (Palatul Bursei), is a building located at 4 Ion Ghica Street, Bucharest, Romania. In 1904, the head of the Bucharest Chamber of Commerce asked King Carol I for land on which to build a headquarters. He was granted a parcel in 1906 from the state's holdings. Fourteen architects submitted designs in 1907; Ștefan Burcuș was selected. Special brick and reinforced concrete were used in order to ensure the building's stability; Gogu Constantinescu supervised the latter material. The cost was estimated at 800,000 gold lei. The cornerstone was laid in May 1908, in the presence of various officials. The palace was inaugurated in 1911, with a speech by the King. It was used as a stock market for goods. In 1949, the nascent communist regime nationalized the building. It hosted the National Library of Romania until 2008, when the Chamber of Commerce regained possession. The building has two tall floors, an attic and a basement, measuring 1957 square meters in total. Described by one observer as featuring “a simple, beautiful majesty, with a grandiose facade, classical and alive”, it is richly decorated, with a rounded front, interrupted corniches and a skylit mansard. Its principal element is the main entrance on the street corner, with its curved balcony topped by a central arch. A blazon has a lion's head in bas-relief, flanked by two allegories in ronde-bosse stone: Industry on the left (a veiled woman holding a hammer) and Commerce on the right (Mercury holding a caduceus and an anchor). The first two floors are in bossage, while the remainder has pilasters and Ionic capitals. The style becomes finer as it climbs from the massive stone foundation to the cast-iron balustrades of the balconies. The ceiling and panels of the council chamber are decorated in the style of François Boucher. The Chamber of Commerce seal appears on the exterior and interior. The building is listed as a historic monument by Romania's Ministry of Culture and Religious Affairs.

St. Elijah–Colței Inn Church
St. Elijah–Colței Inn Church

The St. Elijah–Colței Inn Church (Romanian: Biserica Sfântul Ilie–Hanul Colței) is a Romanian Orthodox church located at 18 Doamnei Street in the Lipscani quarter of Bucharest, Romania. It is dedicated to the Prophet Elijah. Reportedly, around 1725-1730, Clucer Radu Colțea built a wooden church on land that passed to the Colței Inn after 1745. In 1841, inn manager Lazăr Kalenderoglu demolished the church and built the present one a short distance away; both had as their patron Elijah, the protector of travelers by land. In 1954, the Bucharest Archdiocese renovated the church and handed it over to the local Bulgarian community. The grant was formalized that October during a re-sanctification ceremony involving Romanian Patriarch Justinian, his Bulgarian counterpart Cyril and a large number of priests from both countries. In 2009, as part of an effort to reclaim properties lost under the communist regime, the Romanian Church reclaimed the building, which underwent restoration and consolidation in 2012-2015.Located at the end of a yard, the basilica-shaped church measures 22.5 meters long by 13 meters wide. It has three naves, the central one being longer than the others, with its semicircular altar apse. The small octagonal bell tower on the western facade is covered in tin, with a pyramidal roof. Entrance is through a small vestibule with a pediment featuring a three-lobed arch resting on simple columns and corner pilasters. The long ceiling of the main nave is flat, while the lateral naves have curved ceilings each resting on three columns. A round window above the entrance lights the wooden choir area. The facades are decorated with neoclassical touches: pilasters support an architrave and cornice slightly in profile. The western facade has a trapezoidal pediment merging into the base of the dome. The sides have two rows of buttresses that sustain pressure from the ceiling arches. The interior is painted in fresco, while the entrance is flanked by icons in niches of Saints Peter and Paul.The church is listed as a historic monument by Romania's Ministry of Culture and Religious Affairs, as is the late-19th century parish house.