Illinois College

Beecher Hall is the oldest building on the campus of Illinois College in Jacksonville, Illinois. Built in 1829–30, it was the first college building erected in the state of Illinois. The building has served many functions for Illinois College, including housing the first medical school in Illinois in 1843. It is named after the first president of Illinois College, Edward Beecher. Beecher Hall is recognized by the National Park Service as being a stop on the Underground Railroad. The building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

The Joseph Duncan House, also known as the Governor Duncan Mansion, is a historic house located at 4 Duncan Place in Jacksonville, Illinois. The Georgian style house was built in 1833 for Illinois politician Joseph Duncan. Duncan served as Illinois' representative in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1827 to 1834; he was the state's sole representative for all but his last year. After leaving the House, Duncan served as Governor of Illinois from 1834 to 1838. As Illinois had no Governor's Mansion at the time of his election, Duncan's home served as the unofficial governor's mansion during his time in office. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 5, 1971.Duncan oversaw the beginning of the Illinois and Michigan Canal's construction in 1836, which he had promoted both in Congress and as governor.The Governor Duncan Mansion is owned and operated by the Rev. James Caldwell Chapter of the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution (NSDAR), and is open for tours.

The Illinois School for the Deaf (ISD), located in Jacksonville, Illinois, is a state-operated pre-kindergarten, elementary and high school for the deaf and hard-of-hearing. ISD uses both English and American Sign Language, with a policy modeled after the Wisconsin School for the Deaf.ISD was founded in 1839 in the county seat of Morgan County.The school includes dormitories for its students.

The Jacksonville Historic District is a historic district encompassing 696 buildings in Jacksonville, Illinois. The buildings in the district were mainly constructed from 1829 to the 1930s and represent nearly every popular architectural style from the period. The Greek Revival, Italianate, and Queen Anne styles are especially prevalent in the district. The district includes the campuses of two prominent Jacksonville educational institutions: Illinois College and the Illinois School for the Deaf. Illinois College, the first college in Illinois to grant a degree, was founded in 1829; its first building, Beecher Hall, is the oldest building in the district. The Illinois School for the Deaf was established in 1839 by the Illinois Legislature for the education of hearing-impaired students. Aside from these two institutions, the majority of the district is residential and includes many of Jacksonville's most historically and architecturally significant homes. The district is considered to have retained its historic character well, as 650 of its buildings are considered contributing buildings and the number of recent buildings in the district has been called "remarkably low".The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 9, 1978.

Jacksonville is a city in Morgan County, Illinois, United States. The population was 17,616 at the 2020 census, down from 19,446 in 2010. It is the county seat of Morgan County. It is home to Illinois College, Illinois School for the Deaf, and the Illinois School for the Visually Impaired. Jacksonville is the principal city of the Jacksonville Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Morgan and Scott counties.

The Morgan County Courthouse, located at 300 W. State St. in Jacksonville, is the county courthouse of Morgan County, Illinois. The courthouse, the third built in Morgan County, was constructed from 1868 to 1869. Chicago architect Gurdon P. Randall designed the courthouse in a combination of the Italianate and Second Empire styles. The design is considered unusual among county courthouses, as counties generally preferred more traditional designs. Randall's design features an arched loggia surrounding the building's southern entrance, asymmetrical towers at the southern corners with mansard roofs and bracketed cornices, arched dormers within the towers' mansards, and an assortment of round-head and bulls-eye windows. One of the towers houses a 4,000 pounds (1,800 kg) bell, which was intended to be part of a clock that was never installed. A 9-foot (2.7 m) statue of Lady Justice, carved from a single block of pine, originally topped the front entrance; however, after losing its arms around 1872, the statue disappeared in the early 1900s and was never recovered.The courthouse was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 19, 1986.

The Jacksonville Public Library is a Carnegie library located at 201 West College Avenue in Jacksonville, Illinois. The library was built in 1902 to house the city's library program, which began in 1870. Chicago architects Patton & Miller designed the Classical Revival building. The building still houses the city's public library and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

The Ayers Bank Building is a historic bank building located at 200 West State Street in Jacksonville, Illinois. This site is believed to have been continuously associated with banking since 1832, longer than any other site in Illinois.

The Jacksonville Downtown Historic District is a national historic district in downtown Jacksonville, Illinois. The district encompasses a commercial area surrounding Central Park, the city's public square. Development in the district began in 1825, when Jacksonville was platted and the public square was created; the first buildings on the square were built the same year. Most of the buildings in the district were built between the 1840s and 1940s, and a large number were built during a late nineteenth century building boom. Seven of the buildings were once cigar stores, a reflection of Jacksonville's large cigar making industry. The district includes examples of many of the popular architectural styles of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries; Italianate and Victorian buildings are especially common.The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 14, 2018.

The Jacksonville Labor Temple is a historic building located at 228 South Mauvaisterre Street in Jacksonville, Illinois. The Jacksonville Trades and Labor Assembly, an organization of Jacksonville labor union members formed in 1892, constructed the building in 1904 to serve as its meeting house. Union construction workers volunteered to build the building, while its remaining costs were funded by a tax on the other unions. The building was the third labor temple built in the United States, after buildings in Los Angeles and Belleville, Illinois. Jacksonville's unions have held their meetings in the building since its construction, and it is now the oldest labor temple which is still in use.The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 13, 1980.

The Jacksonville Developmental Center was an institution for developmentally delayed clients, located in Jacksonville, Illinois. It was open from 1851 to November 2012. As of December 2012, the 134-acre (54 ha) grounds was still owned by the State of Illinois.

Jacksonville Memorial Hospital (JMH), formerly known as Passavant Area Hospital is located in Jacksonville, Illinois, and has served residents in the following counties since 1875: Morgan, Cass, Greene, Scott, Macoupin, and portions of Brown and northern Pike counties. Jacksonville Memorial Hospital is a twice-designated Magnet hospital and is also accredited by The Joint Commission. Jacksonville Memorial Hospital has approximately 900 employees and a 70 physician medical staff, making it the largest employer in Jacksonville. Jacksonville Memorial Hospital provides inpatient and outpatient services, including rehab and behavioral health services. JMH is an affiliate of Memorial Health System based in Springfield, Illinois.