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Domus Conversorum

1253 establishments in EnglandAntisemitism in the United KingdomConversion of Jews to ChristianityFormer buildings and structures in the London Borough of CamdenHenry III of England
Jewish English history
Domus Conversorum
Domus Conversorum

The Domus Conversorum ('House of the Converts'), later Chapel of the Master of the Rolls, was a building and institution in London for Jews who had converted to Christianity. It provided a communal home and low wages. It was needed because, until 1280, all Jews who converted to Christianity forfeited their possessions to the Crown. It was established in 1232 by Henry III. With the expulsion of the Jews by Edward I in 1290, it became the only official way for Jews to remain in the country. At that stage there were about eighty residents. By 1356, the last one of these died. Between 1331 and 1608, 48 converts were admitted. The warden was the Master of the Rolls.The building was in Chancery Lane. No records exist after 1609, but, in 1891, the post of chaplain was abolished by Act of Parliament and the location, by then known as the Rolls Chapel which had been used to store legal archives, became the Public Record Office. The site is today home to the Maughan Library of King's College London. "Domus Conversorum" was sometimes used also to describe the living quarters of lay brothers in monasteries.

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Domus Conversorum
Crane Court, City of London

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N 51.5149 ° E -0.1111 °
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Maughan Library (King's College London)

Crane Court
EC4A 1BR City of London
England, United Kingdom
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kcl.ac.uk

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Liberty of the Rolls
Liberty of the Rolls

The Liberty of the Rolls was a liberty, and civil parish, in the metropolitan area of London, England. The Liberty was probably created in the late medieval period by its removal from the Farringdon Without Ward of City of London, and consisted of the part of the ancient parish of St Dunstan-in-the-West that was in the Ossulstone hundred of Middlesex, the rest of the parish was within the City. It became a separate civil parish in 1866.Named perhaps after the ancient Rolls House upon Chancery Lane where the rolls of the Court of Chancery of England were kept, or perhaps, like other parishes, the chapel. The site of the house and chapel became the nucleus of the Public Record Office, now the Maugham Library and Provost's Lodgings of King's College London. It was grouped into the Strand District in 1855 when it came within the area of responsibility of the Metropolitan Board of Works. It was a civil parish from 1866, which became part of the County of London in 1889 and in 1900 part of the Metropolitan Borough of Westminster. It was abolished as a civil parish in 1922. However, its boundary could be readily seen as that area of Westminster which was the conjunction between the City of London and the Metropolitan Borough of Holborn (and later the London Borough of Camden). This apparent territorial anomaly disappeared in 1994 when the Local Government Commission for England altered the border to place all of the area east of Chancery Lane into the City.

Society for Effecting the Abolition of the Slave Trade
Society for Effecting the Abolition of the Slave Trade

The Society for Effecting the Abolition of the Slave Trade, also known as the Society for the Abolition of the Slave Trade, and sometimes referred to as the Abolition Society or Anti-Slavery Society, was a British abolitionist group formed on 22 May 1787. Slavery was abolished in all British colonies in 1833 as a result. Historians posit that this anti-slavery movement is the first peaceful social movement which all modern social movements are built upon.The society was established by twelve men; including prominent campaigners Thomas Clarkson and Granville Sharp, who, as Anglicans, were able to be more influential in Parliament than the more numerous Quaker founding members. The society worked to educate the public about the abuses of the slave trade, and achieved abolition of the international slave trade when the British Parliament passed the Slave Trade Act 1807, at which time the society ceased its activities. (The United States also prohibited the African slave trade the same year, to take effect in 1808.) In 1823 the Society for the Mitigation and Gradual Abolition of Slavery Throughout the British Dominions (also known as the Anti-Slavery Society) was founded, which worked to abolish the institution of slavery throughout the British colonies. Abolition was passed by parliament in 1833 (except in India, where it was part of the indigenous culture); with emancipation completed by 1838.