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Siege of Luxembourg (1794–1795)

1794 in France1795 in FranceBattles inscribed on the Arc de TriompheBattles of the French Revolutionary WarsConflicts in 1794
Conflicts in 1795France–Luxembourg relationsHistory of Luxembourg CityMilitary history of LuxembourgSieges involving AustriaSieges involving FranceSieges of the French Revolutionary WarsSieges of the War of the First Coalition
Siège de Luxembourg 1794 1795
Siège de Luxembourg 1794 1795

The siege of Luxembourg was a siege by France of the Habsburg-held Fortress of Luxembourg that lasted from 1794 until 7 June 1795, during the French Revolutionary Wars. Although the French army failed to breach the walls of the city, which were renowned as amongst the best in the world, the fortress was forced to surrender after more than seven months.Luxembourg's long defence led Lazare Carnot to call Luxembourg "the best [fortress] in the world, except Gibraltar", giving rise to the city's nickname 'the Gibraltar of the North'. The result of the capture of Luxembourg was the annexation of the Southern Netherlands into France on 1 October 1795. Most of Luxembourg (including all of the modern Grand Duchy), became a part of the département of Forêts, which was created on 24 October 1795.

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Siege of Luxembourg (1794–1795)
Rue Saint-Ulric, Luxembourg Grund

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N 49.611 ° E 6.133 °
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Luxembourg City: Old Quarters & Fortifications

Rue Saint-Ulric
2651 Luxembourg, Grund
Luxembourg
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Siège de Luxembourg 1794 1795
Siège de Luxembourg 1794 1795
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Luxembourg City
Luxembourg City

Luxembourg (Luxembourgish: Lëtzebuerg; French: Luxembourg; German: Luxemburg), also known as Luxembourg City (Luxembourgish: Stad Lëtzebuerg or d'Stad; French: Ville de Luxembourg; German: Stadt Luxemburg or Luxemburg-Stadt), is the capital city of Luxembourg and the country's most populous commune. Standing at the confluence of the Alzette and Pétrusse rivers in southern Luxembourg, the city lies at the heart of Western Europe, situated 213 km (132 mi) by road from Brussels, 372 km (231 mi) from Paris, and 209 km (130 mi) from Cologne. The city contains Luxembourg Castle, established by the Franks in the Early Middle Ages, around which a settlement developed. As of 31 December 2023, Luxembourg City has a population of 134,714 inhabitants, which is more than three times the population of the country's second most populous commune (Esch-sur-Alzette). The city's population consists of 160 nationalities. Foreigners represent 70% of the city's population, whilst Luxembourgers represent 30% of the population; the number of foreign-born residents in the city rises steadily each year.In 2022, Luxembourg was ranked as having the highest per capita GDP in the world at $137,950 (PPP), with the city having developed into a banking and administrative centre. In the 2019 Mercer worldwide survey of 231 cities, Luxembourg was placed first for personal safety, while it was ranked 18th for quality of living.Luxembourg is one of the de facto capitals of the European Union (alongside Brussels, Frankfurt and Strasbourg), as it is the seat of several institutions, agencies and bodies, including the Court of Justice of the European Union, the European Court of Auditors, the Secretariat of the European Parliament, the European Public Prosecutor's Office, the European Investment Bank, the European Investment Fund, the European Stability Mechanism, Eurostat, as well as other European Commission departments and services. The Council of the European Union meets in the city for three months annually.