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Monk's House

Bloomsbury Group locationsGrade II listed buildings in East SussexHistoric house museums in East SussexLiterary museums in EnglandNational Trust properties in East Sussex
Virginia Woolf
Virginia Woolf (2)
Virginia Woolf (2)

Monk's House is a 16th-century weatherboarded cottage in the village of Rodmell, three miles (4.8 km) south of Lewes, East Sussex, England. The writer Virginia Woolf and her husband, the political activist, journalist and editor Leonard Woolf, bought the house by auction at the White Hart Hotel, Lewes, on 1 July 1919 for 700 pounds, and received there many visitors connected to the Bloomsbury Group, including T. S. Eliot, E. M. Forster, Roger Fry and Lytton Strachey. The purchase is described in detail in her Diary, vol. 1, pp. 286–8. Virginia's sister, the artist Vanessa Bell, lived at nearby Charleston Farmhouse in Firle from 1916, and though contrasting in style, both houses became important outposts of the Bloomsbury Group. The National Trust now operates the building as a writer's house museum.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Monk's House (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Geographical coordinates (GPS)

Latitude Longitude
N 50.8387 ° E 0.0165 °
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Address

Monk's House

The Street
BN7 3HE , Rodmell
England, United Kingdom
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Website
nationaltrust.org.uk

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Virginia Woolf (2)
Virginia Woolf (2)
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Nearby Places

Rodmell
Rodmell

Rodmell is a small village and civil parish in the Lewes District of East Sussex, England. It is located three miles (4.8 km) south-west of Lewes, on the Lewes to Newhaven road and six and a half miles from the City of Brighton & Hove and is situated by the west banks of the River Ouse. The village is served by Southease railway station, opened in 1906. The Prime Meridian passes just to the west of the village. The village name has been variously spelled as Ramelle or Redmelle (11th century), Redmelde (12th century), Radmelde (13th century) and Radmill (18th century). It most likely derives from Brittonic where Rhod denotes a wheel and Melin refers to a Mill, hence mill wheel. A less likely derivation is from Old English read *mylde, "[place with] red soil". Before the time of the Norman conquest the manor of Rodmell was held by King Harold II. At the time the Domesday Book was compiled, there was a church in Rodmell, which was granted to Lewes Priory by William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey. The early Norman church is dedicated to St. Peter. The font is believed to be Saxon, predating the building itself. More recently, Monk's House was the home of the author Virginia Woolf for twenty-one years until her death in 1941. The village is bisected by the road from Lewes to Newhaven which passes through Iford. This road also passes the neighbouring village of Southease. The village was part of the Holmstrow hundred until the abolition of hundreds in the 19th century.

Lewes and Laughton Levels
Lewes and Laughton Levels

The Lewes and Laughton Levels are an area of low-lying land bordering the River Ouse near Lewes and the Glynde Reach near Laughton in East Sussex, England. The area was probably a tidal inlet in Norman times, but by the early 14th century, some meadows had been created by building embankments. Conditions deteriorated later that century, and by 1537, most of the meadows were permanently flooded. Part of the problem was the buildup of shingle across the mouth of the Ouse, but in 1537 a scot tax was raised, and a new channel cut through the shingle. By the mid 17th century, shingle was again preventing the region from draining properly, until the new channel was reinstated around 1731. In 1758 John Smeaton surveyed the area with a view to improving it for agriculture. He suggested straightening and widening the river channel, raising the banks around meadows, and building a large sluice near Piddinghoe, to keep the tides out. Some dredging and widening were carried out, but the straightending and sluice were discarded. In 1788, William Jessop surveyed the whole river, with the main object of improving navigation. The Ouse above Lewes became the River Ouse Navigation, with 19 locks, and for the lower river, he suggested radical straightening, and removal of the shingle bar near the mouth of the river. The work was overseen by a Lewes schoolmaster and civil engineer, and was completed in 1795. Similar treatment of the Glynde Reach occurred between 1796 and 1803, and as well as enabling ships to reach Lewes, the faster moving tides drained the meadows much more effectively. Improvements continued in the early 19th century under the leadership of John Ellman, a renowned agriculturalist who became the Expenditor for the Lewes and Laughton Levels. Severe floods occurred in 1829, but the meadows drained within 48 hours. Management of the flood defences for the Levels passed to the River Ouse Catchment Board in 1939, following the passing of the Land Drainage Act 1930. After three reorganisations and the subsequent privatisation of the water industry, responsibility passed to the Environment Agency, who suggested in 2012 that the land drainage functions should be managed by a local internal drainage board. Lewes District Council objected, and agreed to fund flood and coastal erosion management after the Environment Agency's internal drainage district for the Ouse was formally abolished from 31 March 2017.