Obninsk Meteorological tower

Obninsk (Russian: О́бнинск) is a city in Kaluga Oblast, Russia, located on the bank of the Protva River 100 kilometers (62 mi) southwest of Moscow and 80 kilometers (50 mi) northeast of Kaluga. Its population is 125,376 at the 2021 census.

Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering (Russian: Обнинский институт атомной энергетики, traditionally abbreviated ИАТЭ) is an institution of higher education located in Obninsk. It began as a branch of the Moscow Engineering and Physics Institute in 1953 to provide specialists in the field of nuclear physics, reactor physics and reactor engineering for the Soviet Union's growing nuclear industry. The education was provided in close cooperation with nuclear-related research institutions in Obninsk. In 1985 the status was changed for Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering to be the leading educational institution to train specialists for rapidly developing nuclear power in the former Soviet Bloc countries. In 2002 it acquired the status of the state technical university. In 2002-2009 it functioned as the Obninsk State Technical University for Nuclear Power Engineering. (Russian: Обнинский государственный технический университет атомной энергетики). In 2009 the Obninsk State Technical University for Nuclear Power Engineering was incorporated into the MEPhI National Research Nuclear University.

Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Russian: Федеральный исследовательский центр «Единая геофизическая служба Российской академии наук» (ФИЦ ЕГС РАН)) is a research body responsible for geological research.

Obninsk Nuclear Power Plant (Russian: Обнинская АЭС, romanized: Obninskaya AES; ) was built in the "Science City" of Obninsk, Kaluga Oblast, about 110 km (68 mi) southwest of Moscow, Soviet Union. Connected to the power grid in June 1954, Obninsk was the first grid-connected nuclear power plant in the world, i.e. the first nuclear reactor that produced electricity industrially, albeit at small scale. It was located at the Institute of Physics and Power Engineering. The plant is also known as APS-1 Obninsk (Atomic Power Station 1 Obninsk). It remained in operation between 1954 and 2002. Its production of electricity for the grid ceased in 2002; thereafter it functioned as a research and isotope production plant only. According to Lev Kotchetkov, who was there at the time: "Although utilisation of generated heat was going on, and production of isotopes was even enhanced, the main task was to carry out experimental studies on 17 test loops installed in the reactor." The technology perfected in the Obninsk pilot plant was later employed on a much larger scale in the RBMK reactors.

The Luzha (Russian: Лужа) is a river in Kaluga Oblast, Russia, which originates in Moscow Oblast. It is a right tributary of the Protva (in the Oka river basin). The Luzha has a length of 159 km (99 mi) and a drainage basin area of 1,400 km2 (540 sq mi). The Luzha freezes up in November (rarely in December) and breaks up in April. The town of Maloyaroslavets, the site of an important battle in 1812 during the French invasion of Russia, is located on the Luzha.

Spas-Zagorye is a village, administrative centre of rural settlements in the municipal area of Maloyaroslavetsky District of the Kaluga region, Russia. The village of Spas-Zagorye, located on the bend of the Protva river, 9.5 km from Maloyaroslavets and 3 km from Obninsk.

Belousovo (Russian: Белоу́сово) is a town in Zhukovsky District of Kaluga Oblast, Russia. Population: 10,946 (2021 Census); 8,412 (2010 Census); 8,515 (2002 Census); 11,886 (1989 Soviet census).

Yermolino (Russian: Ермо́лино) is a town in Borovsky District of Kaluga Oblast, Russia. Population: 10,809 (2021 Census); 10,409 (2010 Census); 9,454 (2002 Census); 10,573 (1989 Soviet census).

Balabanovo (Russian: Балаба́ново) is a town in Borovsky District of Kaluga Oblast, Russia, located on the Protva River 76 kilometers (47 mi) northeast of Kaluga, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 29,029 (2021 Census); 26,337 (2010 Census); 23,312 (2002 Census); 19,139 (1989 Soviet census).

Yermolino (Russian: Ермолино) (former name Iniutino – Russian: Инютино) (ICAO: UUWE) is an aerodrome in Russia located 6 kilometers (3.7 mi) north-west of Balabanovo, Kaluga Oblast.

Borovsk (Russian: Бо́ровск) is a town and the administrative center of Borovsky District of Kaluga Oblast, Russia, located on the Protva River just south from the oblast's border with Moscow Oblast. Population: 12,598 (2021 census); 12,283 (2010 census); 11,917 (2002 census); 13,405 (1989 Soviet census). 12,000 (1969).

Maloyaroslavets (Russian: Малояросла́вец) is a town and the administrative center of Maloyaroslavetsky District in Kaluga Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Luzha River (Oka's basin), 61 kilometers (38 mi) northeast of Kaluga, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 41,836 (2021 Census); 30,392 (2010 Census); 31,606 (2002 Census); 26,582 (1989 Soviet census). 21,200 (1970).