Llyn Cefni

The Roman conquest of Anglesey refers to two separate invasions of Anglesey in North West Wales that occurred during the early decades of the Roman conquest of Britain in the 1st century CE. The first invasion of North Wales began after the Romans had subjugated much of southern Britain. It was led by the Provincial governor of Britannia, Suetonius Paulinus, who led a successful assault on the island in 60–61 CE, but had to withdraw because of the Boudican revolt. In 77 CE, Gnaeus Julius Agricola's thorough subjugation of the island left it under Roman rule until the end of Roman rule in Britain in the early 5th century CE. Anglesey, which was recorded in Latin as Mona and is still known as Môn in modern Welsh, was a place of resistance to Roman rule because it was an important centre for the Celtic Druids and their religious practices. After the conquest, there are no surviving Roman sources that mention Anglesey. Archaeologists have located a fort dated shortly after the first conquest near Cemlyn Bay; a trading settlement on the shore of the Menai Strait; and a village of huts huddled together on a hill for defence. In the last decades of Roman rule in Britain several military forts were built on the northern and western coasts to defend the island against Irish sea raiders. However, despite more than three centuries of Roman rule, archaeologists have found no evidence of major civic centres or villas on the island indicating that Romano-British culture lacked the influence it had in other parts of the Roman province of Britannia. The only Roman source for the island's two invasions is the Roman historian Tacitus. His last work The Annals, written as a history of the Roman Empire from Tiberius until Nero, mentions the first invasion by Suetonius Paulinus. The second invasion is detailed in Tacitus' work The Life of Gnaeus Julius Agricola, which was written to record and extol the life and accomplishments of his father-in-law. Tacitus may have used first-hand accounts from Agricola, who had been present with the Roman forces on both occasions.

Anglesey (; Welsh: (Ynys) Môn [ˈənɨs ˈmoːn]) is an island off the north-west coast of Wales. It forms a principal area known as the Isle of Anglesey, that includes Holy Island across the narrow Cymyran Strait and some islets and skerries. Anglesey island, at 260 square miles (673 km2), is the largest in Wales, the seventh largest in Britain, largest in the Irish Sea and second most populous there after the Isle of Man. Isle of Anglesey County Council administers 276 square miles (715 km2), with a 2011 census population of 69,751, including 13,659 on Holy Island. The Menai Strait to the mainland is spanned by the Menai Suspension Bridge, designed by Thomas Telford in 1826, and the Britannia Bridge, built in 1850 and replaced in 1980. The largest town is Holyhead on Holy Island, whose ferry service with Ireland handles over two million passengers a year. The next largest is Llangefni, the county council seat. From 1974 to 1996 Anglesey was part of Gwynedd. Most full-time residents are habitual Welsh speakers. The Welsh name Ynys Môn is used for the UK Parliament and Senedd (Welsh Parliament) constituencies. The postcodes are LL58–LL78. It is also a historic county of Wales.

Llangwyllog (Welsh pronunciation) is a small village and ancient parish in the centre of Anglesey, Wales. It is found three miles to the north of the island's capital, Llangefni, and two miles north of Llyn Cefni, the island's second largest body of water. The settlement was once far more important than it is today, reaching a population of 277 in 1821, whereas the 1971 census showed only 75 people living there. The Anglesey Central Railway used to operate a station in the village until its closure in 1993. The tracks however still run through the village and there is a significant railway cutting in the village. The parish church is St Cwyllog's Church, Llangwyllog; the first church here was founded by St Cwyllog in the 6th century. One historic event said to have taken place here in 1134 was a battle between Owain Gwynedd, the first king of Wales, and the armies of the Erse, Manx and Norsemen, who had invaded the island. In the end the Welsh leader was triumphant.

The Dingle (Welsh: Nant y Pandy) is a nature reserve found just to the north of Llangefni, Anglesey, north Wales. Dingle is a common placename in the English language, which means "steep wooded valley", which describes it well. However, like many similar English names for natural attractions in Wales, e.g. Fairy Glen, the English name is recent and probably coined as tourism developed. The original Welsh name, still used by locals, is Nant y Pandy (Fulling Mill Brook), as there used to be a wool processing plant in the valley. The park is naturally divided into two parts, the wooded southern half and the northern half which is in a clearing. The main entrance is by St Cyngar’s Church where there is a car park. The reserve is 25 acres (10 ha) in area and is bisected by the Afon Cefni (River Cefni). It was formed by glaciers during the last ice age as they eroded the soft rock of the area. It gained its current name in the 1830s and was designated as a local nature reserve in 1995, although there has been a blanket tree preservation order in place since 1971. In 2003 the reserve was granted £122,000 for major improvements including better disabled access, boardwalks and tree sculptures. It was awarded the UK MAB Urban Wildlife Award For Excellence in 2004 thanks to this work. The boardwalks allow visitors to make their way north to Llyn Cefni, travelling parallel to the disused tracks of the Anglesey Central Railway. Red squirrels can be found in the area.According to some stories, pumas live in Nant y Pandy. In the 1970s big cats were banned from being pets, so many people came to North Wales to let their cats loose.

Llangwyllog railway station was situated on the Anglesey Central Railway line from Gaerwen to Amlwch. The single storey station building with ticket and waiting room was located on the Down (west) side and opened in 1865, the platform being extended in 1890. A small goods shed was located north of the main building. In 1914 a passing loop was installed at the station, the only one of the whole Anglesey Central line. Another platform was also installed in the year on the opposite side of the line which had a wooden shelter on it.The line between Llangefni and Llanerchymedd opened on 1 February 1866, Llangwyllog station opened the same day.All stations on the Anglesey Central line closed to passengers in 1964 as part of the Beeching Axe although freight works continued until 1993. The line is still in situ but the goods track and the passing loop has been lifted. The station building itself is now privately owned.

Ysgol Gyfun Llangefni is a bilingual community comprehensive school for pupils aged 11 to 18 years old located in Llangefni, Anglesey. Pupils come from the town of Llangefni and the surrounding villages and rural areas. The school opened around 1953 and currently has 686 students on roll. There is a leisure centre neighbouring the school called Plas Arthur.

St Caian's Church, Tregaian, also known as St Caean's Church, Tregaean, is a small medieval church dating from the 14th century in Anglesey, north Wales. It is dedicated to St Caian, a Christian from the 5th or 6th century about whom little is known. The building contains a late 14th-century east window and a late 15th-century doorway. The churchyard contains the grave of William ap Howel, who died in 1581 at the age of 105, leaving over forty children between the ages of 8 and 89 and over three hundred living descendants. The church is still used for worship by the Church in Wales, and is one of three churches in a combined parish. It is a Grade II* listed building, a national designation given to "particularly important buildings of more than special interest", in particular because it is regarded as "an excellent late Medieval rural church".

St Cwyllog's Church, Llangwyllog, is a medieval church near Llangwyllog, in Anglesey, north Wales. St Cwyllog founded a church here in the 6th century, although the exact date is unknown. The existence of a church here was recorded in 1254 and parts of the present building may date from around 1200. Other parts are from the 15th century, with an unusual annexe (possibly intended for use as a schoolroom) added in the 16th century. The church contains some 18th-century fittings, including a rare Georgian three-decker pulpit and reading desk. The church is still in use for worship by the Church in Wales, as one of seven churches in a combined group of parishes. It is a Grade II* listed building, a national designation given to "particularly important buildings of more than special interest", because it is regarded as a "good rural medieval church" with some features from the 15th century, as well as the 18th-century fittings.

Oriel Môn is a museum and arts centre located in Llangefni, Anglesey (Ynys Môn), Wales. A two-part centre, the History Gallery provides an insight into the island's culture, history and environment. The Art Gallery has a changing programme of exhibitions, encompassing art, craft, drama, sculpture and social history. Until November 2012 Wales's most important Iron Age find, the Celtic objects from Llyn Cerrig Bach, have been loaned to the museum from the National Museum of Wales for display.It also houses a series of permanent displays, including: the world's largest collection of the works of Welsh artist Sir Kyffin Williams, who was born in Llangefni. This is housed in a specialist collection named Oriel Kyffin Williams opened by Shirley Paget, Marchioness of Anglesey on 18 July 2008. the works of wildlife artist Charles Tunnicliffe

Rhostrehwfa is a village in southern-central Anglesey, located southwest of Llangefni. To the southeast is the Malltraeth Marsh. It is situated at a prominent point on the crest of a ridge overlooking the River Cefni valley to the south. It contains the Capel Pisgah and several holiday cottages. It is in the community of Llangristiolus and the Bodffordd electoral ward.

Rhosmeirch (Welsh pronunciation) is a small village in Anglesey, Wales. It is in the community of Llangefni. It is located 1+1⁄2 miles (2.4 km) north of the county town, Llangefni, and half a mile east of the reservoir Llyn Cefni, with a village hall and a park.

Llangefni railway station was situated on the Anglesey Central Railway line from Gaerwen to Amlwch. A temporary terminus station was opened in 1864, approximately a quarter of a mile south of the current station. This station, near Glanhwfa Road, could be opened prior to the completion of bridge and cutting by which the railway travels through Llangefni. Once the portion of the line to Llanerchymedd had passed inspection in January 1866, the permanent station was opened. Little is known of the temporary station, but it may have seen some use as a goods yard after its closure to passengers.The line running through was single track and although a short loop was in existence on the Down (south) side it was never used as a passing loop.A gated track, presumably for livestock, ran diagonally down the steep hill side opposite the station and below the primary school. The gate was still there in the 1960s, with railway company plate, although the track itself was heavily overgrown. The two-storey station building was located on the Up (north) side of the track as was the small waggon shed and larger goods yard. The goods yard was used mainly for cattle as Llangefni was (and still is) the island's market town. A platform extension was undertaken in 1887 when the LNWR took over the line. All stations on the Anglesey Central line closed to passengers in 1964 as part of the Beeching Axe; goods works continued until 1993. The line itself has not been removed but the loop and the sidings have been, the latter being used as a car park. The station buildings themselves are now in private ownership. One of the best places on the island to see the remaining tracks are located in the Dingle (Nant Y Pandy) nature reserve near the station. Announced in November 2009 the Welsh Assembly Government has asked Network Rail to conduct a feasibility study on reopening the line between Llangefni on Anglesey and Bangor for passenger services. Network Rail assessed the track bed and published its report in 2010, although a business case to reopen the line is yet to be developed.On 11 October 2018, the overbridge carrying the line across the A5114 was struck by a 'convoi exceptionnel' HGV in the service of Martex; the damage to the bridge was judged too severe for it to remain in situ once the vehicle had been recovered, therefore on 14 October 2018, two 100~tonne capacity cranes attended the site, first extracting the road vehicle, then stripping off the track panels from the bridge deck, finally removing the bridge span. All recovered railway materials, including the damaged bridge, were taken to the Gwalchmai yard of Bob Francis Cranes. Thus, the previously mothballed route is now severed; the Daily Post has covered these events, mostly because the road closure has been an inconvenience locally.