Monino (air base)

Gagarin Air Force Academy (Russian: Военно-воздушная академия имени Ю. А. Гагарина, romanized: Voyenno-vozdushnaya akademiya imeni Yu. A. Gagarina) was a Russian military aviation academy located in Monino, Moscow Oblast. The academy prepares high-ranking military personnel for the Russian Air Force. Among the academy alumni are around 700 Heroes of the Soviet Union (highest award in the USSR), more than 10 cosmonauts, and over 2000 military specialists from 21 foreign countries. The school provided regiment and division-level commanding officers to fill commanding, staff, navigation, logistics, communications and radar-support positions. Alternative academy names in the English-language literature include Yuri Gagarin Military Air Academy and Yuri Gagarin Air Force Academy. In conversational speech often simply referred to as Gagarin Academy or Monino Academy. By late 2008, this academy and the N. Zhukovsky Aviation Engineering Academy both merged to become the Gagarin-Zhukovsky Military Combined Air Force Academy, but it retained its Monino campus. Later in 2011, the Monino campus was closed.

The Central Air Force Museum (Russian: Центральный музей Военно-воздушных сил РФ) is an aviation museum in Monino, Moscow Oblast, Russia. A branch of the Central Armed Forces Museum, it is one of the world's largest aviation museums, and the largest for Soviet aircraft, with a collection including 173 aircraft and 127 aircraft engines on display. The museum also features additional displays, including Cold War-era American espionage equipment, weapons, instruments, uniforms, artwork, and a library containing books, films, and photos is also accessible to visitors. The Central Air Force Museum is located on the grounds of the Gagarin Air Force Academy on the site of the former Monino Airfield, 40 km (25 mi) east of Moscow.

Monino (Russian: Мо́нино) is an urban locality (a work settlement) in Shchyolkovsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia, located 23 kilometers (14 mi) east of Moscow. Population: 22,821 (2010 Census); 20,017 (2002 Census); 18,582 (1989 Soviet census).

Staraya Kupavna (Russian: Ста́рая Купа́вна, Old Kupavna) is a town in Noginsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Shalovka River (Klyazma's tributary) 23 kilometers (14 mi) east of Moscow. Population: 22,898 (2021 Census); 21,811 (2010 Census); 21,433 (2002 Census); 25,052 (1989 Census)..

Losino-Petrovsky (Russian: Лоси́но-Петро́вский) is a town in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Vorya and Klyazma Rivers 52 kilometers (32 mi) northeast of Moscow. Population: 22,550 (2010 Census); 22,324 (2002 Census); 22,906 (1989 Census).

The Vorya (Russian: Во́ря) is a river in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is a left tributary of the Klyazma. It is 102 kilometres (63 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 1,220 square kilometres (470 sq mi).Major tributaries: left — Pazha, Torgosha and Pruzhonka, Zhmuchka; right — Talitsa, Lyuboseyevka and Lashutka.

The Yuri A. Gagarin State Scientific Research-and-Testing Cosmonaut Training Center (GCTC; Russian: Центр подготовки космонавтов имени Ю. А. Гагарина) is a Russian training facility responsible for training cosmonauts for their space missions. It is in Star City of Moscow Oblast, a name which may refer to the facility itself or to its grounds.

Sverdlovsky (Russian: Свердловский) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Moscow Oblast, Russia. Population: 6,763 (2010 Census); 5,683 (2002 Census); 6,127 (1989 Census).

Zvyozdny gorodok (Russian: Звёздный городо́к), also known by its anglicized name Star City, is a closed urban locality (a work settlement) in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is home to the military research and space training facility known as Star City in English. Population: 6,332 (2010 Census).

Star City (Russian: Звёздный городок, romanized: Zvyozdny gorodok, lit. 'starry townlet') is a common name of an area in Zvyozdny gorodok, Moscow Oblast, Russia, which has since the 1960s been home to the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center (GCTC). Officially, the area was known as "closed military townlet No. 1" and at various times had also been designated as Shchyolkovo-14 (Щёлково-14) and Zvyozdny (Звёздный).

The Lyuboseyevka (Russian: Любосе́евка) is a river in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is a right tributary of the Vorya. It is 12 km in length. Its source is near the town of Fryazino. Flows all over on the east, passing the manor of Grebnevo and entering the Vorya near the settlement of Mednoye-Vlasovo.

RWM is the callsign of a high frequency (shortwave) standard frequency and time signal radio station in Moscow, Russia. It is controlled by All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Physical-Engineering and Radiotechnical Metrology, and operated by Russian Television and Radio Broadcasting Network. Transmitting frequencies are 4.996 MHz with 5 kW and on 9.996 and 14.996 MHz with 8 kW. The frequencies are very close to those of WWV, and WWVH. Because of this, RWM is very difficult to receive in North America with simple receivers of low selectivity, due to interference from these said stations. The mode of transmission is N0N and A1A (CW). Between 0 and 8 minutes past the hour, RWM transmits a straight unmodulated carrier wave. At 9 minutes past, RWM identifies itself in Morse code. Between 10 and 20 minutes past the hour, RWM transmits a pulse of carrier every second, with the difference between UT1 and UTC in units of one-fiftieth of a second encoded onto the once-per-second pulses. Between 20 and 30 minutes past the hour, RWM transmits 10 carrier pulses each second. This transmission cycle is repeated every half-hour.RWM does not transmit the time of day, only standard time intervals. The 1 Hz pulses begin on the second, and are doubled (a second pulse transmitted from 200–300 ms past the second) to encode DUT1 and dUT1. Using these values, UT1 may be computed as: UT1 = UTC + DUT1 × 0.1 s + dUT1 × 0.02 sDUT1 may vary between −8 and +8. The number of double pulses sent during seconds 1–8 of each minute encode positive values; if DUT1 = +5, then pulses 1 through 5 will be doubled. Doubling pulses 9–16 encodes negative values similarly. dUT1 varies from −4 to +4. Positive values are encoded by double pulses during seconds 21–24 of each minute. Negative values are encoded during seconds 31–34.The 10 Hz pulses are widened in a pattern similar to that of the Beta time signal: Most pulses are 20 ms, but ones sent on the second are 40 ms, and ones sent on the minute are 500 ms.