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38th Street (Minneapolis)

African-American historyCultural districts in MinneapolisGeography of Hennepin County, MinnesotaHistory of MinnesotaMinneapolis–Saint Paul
Monuments and memorials in MinnesotaStreets in MinneapolisUse American English from November 2020Use mdy dates from April 2021
Minneapolis 38th Street South Food Market 1975
Minneapolis 38th Street South Food Market 1975

38th Street is a major east-west roadway in the U.S. city of Minneapolis and an officially designated cultural district in the Powderhorn community. It features the 38th and Chicago street intersection of two major thoroughfares, East 38th Street and Chicago Avenue. The area developed into a residential zone when the Chicago Avenue street car line was extended to East 38th Street in 1880. Since the 1930s, the area has featured many Black-owned businesses, and the surrounding neighborhoods have had distinct histories from other neighborhoods in Minneapolis due to racial settlement patterns that concentrated Black residents there. After several decades of economic stagnation, the historic character of the neighborhood changed in the 2000s with an influx of Latino residents, as the Black and White populations declined. In the 2010s, concerns about gentrification resulted in residents and city leaders seeking to preserve the historic cultural characteristics of the 38th Street corridor. On May 25, 2020, the murder of George Floyd took place outside the Cup Foods grocery store, which brought worldwide recognition of the 38th and Chicago street intersection.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article 38th Street (Minneapolis) (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

38th Street (Minneapolis)
George Floyd Square, Minneapolis

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N 44.9342 ° E -93.2625 °
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George Floyd Memorial

George Floyd Square
55407 Minneapolis
Minnesota, United States
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Minneapolis 38th Street South Food Market 1975
Minneapolis 38th Street South Food Market 1975
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Spirit Catcher
Spirit Catcher

The Sculpture Bird (also called Dream Catcher, Spirit Catcher) is a sculpture situated on the shore of Kempenfelt Bay in Barrie, Ontario, Canada. It was originally created by sculptor Ron Baird for Expo 86 in Vancouver, British Columbia.Nine sculptors were asked to submit proposals for Expo 86, and two were chosen to be commissioned. The sculpture took six months to sculpt using COR-TEN steel; this alloy develops a non-corrosive oxide and retains its structural integrity. After the end of the exposition the sculpture was purchased by the Helen McCrea Peacock Foundation in Toronto for CA$230,000. The foundation then donated the sculpture to the 'Barrie Gallery Project' as an inspiration to create an art gallery in the city of Barrie. The twenty ton, 25 m (70 ft) wide by 21 m (65 ft) tall sculpture was transported to Barrie using two flatbed trucks, and was installed by volunteers and two cranes. It took two days during the weekend of 12 June and 13 June 1987, and was dedicated on 12 September 1987. The sculpture has 16 kinetic quills, which rock back and forth when the wind blows. Several months after it was erected on the site in Barrie, the unpredictable winds coming onshore from Kempenfelt Bay caused concern that the quills might fall off. The quills were redesigned by the artist with the assistance of Mike Davies, the recently retired vice president of advanced engineering at de Havilland aircraft. The sculpture is a focal point on the Barrie waterfront, and serves as both a meeting place and navigational aid to travellers and citizens of the city alike. The installation of the sculpture initiated a drive to place numerous pieces of art around the city which continues to this day. In May 2021, residents placed children's footwear at the base of the Sculpture Bird to commemorate the 215 children found in an unmarked grave at the Kamloops Indian Residential School.

Murder of George Floyd

On May 25, 2020, George Floyd, a 46-year-old black man, was murdered in the U.S. city of Minneapolis by Derek Chauvin, a 44-year-old white police officer. Floyd had been arrested on suspicion of using a counterfeit $20 bill. Chauvin knelt on Floyd's neck for over nine minutes while Floyd was handcuffed and lying face-down in a street. Two other police officers, J. Alexander Kueng and Thomas Lane, assisted Chauvin in restraining Floyd. Lane had also pointed a gun at Floyd's head prior to Floyd being put in handcuffs. A fourth police officer, Tou Thao, prevented bystanders from intervening.Prior to being placed on the ground, Floyd had exhibited signs of anxiety, complaining about having claustrophobia, and being unable to breathe. After being restrained, he became more distressed, still complaining of breathing difficulties, of the knee on his neck, and of fear of imminent death. After several minutes, Floyd stopped speaking. For the last few minutes, he lay motionless and Officer Kueng found no pulse when urged to check. Despite this, Chauvin ignored pleas from bystanders to lift his knee from Floyd's neck.The following day, after videos made by witnesses and security cameras became public, all four officers were fired. Two autopsies, and one autopsy review, found Floyd's death to be a homicide. On March 12, 2021, Minneapolis agreed to pay $27 million to settle a wrongful death lawsuit brought by Floyd's family. On April 20, Chauvin was convicted of second-degree unintentional murder, third-degree murder, and second-degree manslaughter, and sentenced to 22.5 years in prison on June 25. All four officers faced federal civil rights charges. In December 2021, Chauvin pled guilty to federal charges of violating Floyd's civil rights by using unreasonable force and ignoring his serious medical distress. The other three officers were also later convicted of violating Floyd's civil rights. Lane pleaded guilty in May 2022 to a state charge for aiding and abetting second-degree manslaughter. Kueng and Thao are scheduled to be tried on state charges of aiding and abetting second-degree murder and second-degree manslaughter on June 13, 2022.Floyd's murder led to worldwide protests against police brutality, police racism, and lack of police accountability.