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Lower Grumbach Pond

Clausthal-ZellerfeldUpper Harz Water Regale
Unterer Grumbacher Teich
Unterer Grumbacher Teich

The Lower Grumbach Pond (German: Unterer Grumbacher Teich), usually just Grumbach Pond (Grumbacher Teich), is an old mining reservoir or Kunstteich between Hahnenklee and Wildemann in the Upper Harz mountains in Germany It is one of the Upper Harz Ponds and was constructed before 1673. After being raised in height at least once, the dam today is 7.5 metres high and just under 60 metres long. There are nine other ponds within its catchment area, all part of the Upper Harz Water Regale: the Kranicher Teichen, the Kuttelbacher Teich, the Auerhahnteich, the Upper (Oberer) and Middle (Mittlerer) Grumbach Ponds and the Upper and Lower (Oberer and Unterer) Flößteich. Its catchment area is 7.92 km² which is very large for an Upper Harz Pond and results in a high volumetric flow. Its impoundment capacity is 82,000 m³.The pond was not only used for generating hydropower for the pits beneath, but also played an important role in timber rafting on the Grumbach stream to Wildemann. The timber, cut into one to two metre-long logs, was led by a rafting ditch around the pond and slid down the Gefluder in the present day Grumbach Waterfall into the stream. In order to transport the wood further downstream, water was periodically released from the Lower Grumbach Pond which ferried the logs down to the River Innerste.By the Lower Grumbach Pond is a refuge hut with checkpoint no. 113 "Grumbacher Teich" on the Harzer Wandernadel hiking network.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Lower Grumbach Pond (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Lower Grumbach Pond
Grumbachstraße, Harz (LK Goslar)

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N 51.849727 ° E 10.300739 °
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Grumbachstraße

Grumbachstraße
38678 Harz (LK Goslar)
Lower Saxony, Germany
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Unterer Grumbacher Teich
Unterer Grumbacher Teich
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Upper Harz Water Regale
Upper Harz Water Regale

The Upper Harz Water Regale (German: Oberharzer Wasserregal, pronounced [ˌoːbɐhaːɐ̯tsɐ ˈvasɐʁeɡaːl]) is a system of dams, reservoirs, ditches and other structures, much of which was built from the 16th to 19th centuries to divert and store the water that drove the water wheels of the mines in the Upper Harz region of Germany. The term regale, here, refers to the granting of royal privileges or rights (droit de régale) in this case to permit the use of water for mining operations in the Harz mountains of Germany. The Upper Harz Water Regale is one of the largest and most important historic mining water management systems in the world. The facilities developed for the generation of water power have been placed under protection since 1978 as cultural monuments. The majority are still used, albeit nowadays their purpose is primarily to support rural conservation (the preservation of a historic cultural landscape), nature conservation, tourism and swimming. From a water management perspective, several of the reservoirs still play a role in flood protection and the supply of drinking water. On 31 July 2010 the Regale was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site affiliated with the Mines of Rammelsberg and the Historic Town of Goslar because of its importance in the development of mining techniques and testimony to the medieval history of ore mining.The water system covers an area of roughly 200 square kilometres (77 sq mi) within the Lower Saxon part of the Harz, the majority of structures being found in the vicinity of Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Hahnenklee, Sankt Andreasberg, Buntenbock, Wildemann, Lautenthal, Schulenberg, Altenau and Torfhaus.