Siege of Breslau

Lower Silesian Voivodeship, or Lower Silesia Province, in southwestern Poland, is one of the 16 voivodeships (provinces) into which Poland is divided. The voivodeship was created on 1 January 1999 out of the former Wrocław, Legnica, Wałbrzych and Jelenia Góra Voivodeships, following the Polish local government reforms adopted in 1998. It covers an area of 19,946 square kilometres (7,701 sq mi), and as of 2019 has a total population of 2,899,986.It is one of the wealthiest provinces in Poland as natural resources such as copper, silver, gold, brown coal and rock materials (inter alia granite, basalt, gabbro, diabase, amphibolite, porphyry, gneiss, serpentinite, sandstone, greywacke, limestone, dolomite, bentonite, kaolinite, clay, aggregate) are widely present. Its well developed and varied industries attract both domestic and foreign investors, thus stimulating economic growth.Its capital and largest city is Wrocław, situated on the Oder River. The voivodeship is host to many castles and palaces. For this reason tourism is a large part of this region's economy.

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Wrocław, Poland.

The Province of Silesia (German: Provinz Schlesien; Polish: Prowincja Śląska; Silesian: Prowincyjŏ Ślōnskŏ) was a province of Prussia from 1815 to 1919. The Silesia region was part of the Prussian realm since 1740 and established as an official province in 1815, then became part of the German Empire in 1871. In 1919, as part of the Free State of Prussia within Weimar Germany, Silesia was divided into the provinces of Upper Silesia and Lower Silesia. Silesia was reunified briefly from 1 April 1938 to 27 January 1941 as a province of Nazi Germany before being divided back into Upper Silesia and Lower Silesia. Breslau (present-day Wrocław, Poland) was the provincial capital.

Wrocław County (Polish: powiat wrocławski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, south-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. The county covers an area of 1,116 square kilometres (431 sq mi). Its administrative seat is the city of Wrocław, although this city is not part of the county (it forms a separate city county). Wrocław County consists of areas to the east and south of Wrocław (city with county rights), and contains three towns: Sobótka, Kąty Wrocławskie and Siechnice. As of 2019 the total population of the county is 148,663, out of which the population of Siechnice is 8,113, that of Kąty Wrocławskie is 6,994, that of Sobótka is 6,981, and the rural population is 126,575.

Wroclaw Voivodeship (Polish: województwo wrocławskie) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland in years 1975–1998, superseded by Lower Silesian Voivodeship. Its capital city was Wrocław.

The siege of Breslau was a siege in the Third Silesian War (part of the Seven Years' War) that began on 7 December 1757 and ended on 19 December 1757. After the defeat at Leuthen, the Austrians withdrew into Breslau. The combined Austro-French garrison of approximately 17,000 men, commanded by Lieutenant General Field Marshal Soloman Sprecher von Bernegg, faced a Prussian army commanded by Frederick the Great.

The Battle of Breslau (also known as the Battle on the Lohe) was a battle fought on 22 November 1757 in Breslau (now Wrocław, Poland) during the Third Silesian War (part of the Seven Years' War). A Prussian army of 28,000 men fought an Austrian army of 84,000 men. The Prussians held off the Austrian attack, losing 6,000 men to the Austrians 5,000 men. But one day later the Prussians beat a retreat. Breslau's garrison surrendered on 25 November 1757.

The Museum of the University of Wrocław is a museum in Wrocław (Poland) displaying many of the historical objects of the University of Wrocław. Museum was established on 6 August 1992 as the result of converting the Museum Collection Department of the Archives of the University of Wrocław into an independent unit within the central administration. The Museum's Department “House of Archeologists” on campus at Koszarowa 3 (building no. 8), where temporary archeological exhibitions are presented, was established on 13 May 2005. The Museum is located in Wrocław on the Odra riverbank, in the University's main building (Uniwersytecki Square 1) designed by de:Christoph Tausch in Baroque style. Its architectural structure with splendid sculptural decor and paintings is regarded as one of the most valuable Baroque monuments in Poland and Central and Eastern Europe.

Wyższa Szkoła Filologiczna (Philological School of Higher Education) is an accredited private language studies-oriented university located in Wrocław, Poland. Founded in 2002, it has approximately 2000 students and offers BA and MA programs in English and American studies, German studies, Italian studies and Hispanic studies.

The University of Wrocław (Polish: Uniwersytet Wrocławski, UWr; Latin: Universitas Wratislaviensis) is a public research university in Wrocław, Poland. It is the largest institution of higher learning in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, with over 100,000 graduates since 1945, including some 1,900 researchers, among whom many have received the highest awards for their contributions to the development of scientific scholarship. Renowned for its high quality of teaching, it was placed 44th by QS World University Rankings: EECA 2016, and is situated on the same campus as the former University of Breslau, which produced 9 Nobel Prize winners.The university was founded in 1945, replacing the previous German University of Breslau. Following the territorial changes of Poland's borders, academics primarily from the Jan Kazimierz University of Lwów restored the university building, which had been heavily damaged in the 1945 Battle of Breslau.

Słodowa Island (Polish pronunciation: [ˈswɔdɔva], lit. 'Malt Island') is a small islet on the Oder River within the Wrocław Old Town.Słodowa Island used to be called Vorderbleiche (pol. Bielarska Przednia) until 1945. Originally the name came from bleaching linen for the Order of Saint Clare. The island was owned by the Order of Saint Claire from the Middle Ages until the beginning of the 18th century, when it became the property of the city. In the 18th century Słodowa Island was connected to Młyńska and Bielarska Islands with the iron bridge. In the second half of the 19th century, people began to build dwelling houses on it with sewerage systems, phones and electricity. In 1945 the German army installed field artillery there, which made it a target for frequent bombardment during World War II. During the siege of Wrocław at the end of World War II, almost all the buildings of the island were destroyed. There were only some of the buildings left, including the thirteenth-century St. Clare's Mills. St. Clare's Mills were blown up by sappers in 1975 on the order of Wrocław mayor, Marian Czubiński. The decision was met with widespread criticism and protests by the people of culture, architects, and urban planners. For nearly a quarter century after the destruction of mills, the area remained almost completely undeveloped, with only one house left on the island. 'Wyspa Słodowa' is also the name of the street connecting Słodowa Island with Młyńska Island, and further with St. Jadwiga street on Piasek Island. This is why Tumski Hotel uses address: Wyspa Słodowa 10, despite the fact that it is actually located on the Młyńska Island. Słodowa Island and neighbouring Piasek Island host many cultural events and concerts, especially during the summer season. In has frequently served as a venue for events associated with the Students' Holidays in May. In 2008 the island was one of the venues of the international street art exhibition "External Artists / Out of Sth", during which Italian artist Blu created a mural called "Statue of Enslavement". On 5 July 2018, Wyspa Słodowa was designated as one of five locations in Wrocław where alcohol consumption is allowed in public. It is the only such place in the city centre.

Stare Miasto ("Old Town") is one of the five former administrative boroughs of Wrocław, Poland, comprising the oldest parts of the city. Its functions were largely taken over on 8 March 1990 by the Municipal Office of the newly established Wrocław Municipality. The name Stare Miasto remained in use, mainly for statistical and administrative purposes.The district is bordered by the right bank of the Oder River, the former course of the Oława River, the eastern section of the City Moat, Dworcowa Street and the railway line from the Central Station towards Poznań. The district includes the following settlements: Stare Miasto (including the historic New Town), Przedmieście Świdnickie and Szczepin.