Santiago (commune)

The Palacio de la Real Audiencia de Santiago (English: Royal Court Palace or Palace of the Boxes) is a building located in the north central village of the Plaza de Armas in Santiago, Chile. The building dates back to 1808 and houses, since 1982, the National History Museum of Chile. The building was built between 1804 and 1807 to serve as the home for the royal courts of justice. It was the work of Juan Goycolea, a pupil and disciple of the Italian-born Joaquin Toesca who had designed the nearby La Moneda Palace and the east facade of the Cathedral during the last two decades of the 18th century. The courts were there for two years until Chile's first government junta, in 1810, assembled to replace the Spanish governor. Eight years later the Chilean Declaration of Independence was solidified and the building served as the first meeting place for the new congress. It served as the seat of government until 1846, until President Manuel Bulnes moved to La Moneda Palace.

Plaza de Armas is a transfer station between the Line 3 and Line 5 of the Santiago Metro. It is located under the Plaza de Armas of Santiago. The Line 5 station was opened on 3 March 2000 as part of the extension of the line from Baquedano to Santa Ana. The Line 3 station was opened on 22 January 2019 as part of the inaugural section of the line, from Los Libertadores to Fernando Castillo Velasco.Nearby points of interest include the Metropolitan Cathedral of Santiago, Central Post Office Building, Palacio de la Real Audiencia de Santiago, Santo Domingo Church and the Casa Colorada.

The Central Post Office Building (Spanish: Correo Central de Santiago) is a historic post office building on the northern edge of the Plaza de Armas, in Santiago, Chile. It is adjacent to the Palacio de la Real Audiencia de Santiago and is located on what was the land lot originally owned by Pedro de Valdivia and where he built his house. The site also was occupied by a building that served as Presidential Palace until 1846. Construction of the current building began in 1881 and was designed by Ricardo Brown. Its current appearance dates to 1908.It was designated a National Monument of Chile in 1976.

Santiago Metropolitan Region (Spanish: Región Metropolitana de Santiago) is one of Chile's 16 first-order administrative divisions. It is the country's only landlocked administrative region and contains the nation's capital, Santiago. Most commercial and administrative centers are located in the region, including Chile's main international airport, Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport. With an area of 15,403.2 km2 (5,947 sq mi) and population over 7 million, it is Chile's most populated and most densely populated region.

The Apoquindo massacre, also known as the Apoquindo shootings, was an incident in Santiago, Chile, on October 21, 1993, in which eight people died after members of the Chilean left-wing guerrilla movement Movimiento Juvenil Lautaro robbed a Banco O'Higgins branch on Avenida Apoquindo, Las Condes, Santiago de Chile, where the bank guard was shot dead. The assailants boarded a minibus that was intercepted by police officers of the Carabineros de Chile, sparking an assault that resulted in the death of a further seven persons: 3 attackers, 3 passengers on the bus and a police officer. A further 12 people were wounded.

The gay protest in the Plaza de Armas in Santiago, which occurred on 22 April 1973, was the first LGBT demonstration in Chile, as well as one of the first in Latin America. The protestors were campaigning against police brutality, in particular against the beatings which they received.

The Plaza de Armas De San Fernando is the main square of Santiago, the capital of Chile. Plaza de Armas metro station is located under the square. Surrounding the square are some historic buildings, including the Metropolitan Cathedral of Santiago, Central Post Office Building, Palacio de la Real Audiencia de Santiago, and the building that serves as the seat of local government for Santiago, which was formerly occupied by the Cabildo of the city before being remodeled. There are also other architecturally significant buildings that face the square, including the Capilla del Sagrario, the Palacio arzobispal, the Edificio Comercial Edwards, and the Portal Fernández Concha. The Casa Colorada, the Cuartel General del Cuerpo de Bomberos de Santiago and the Museo Chileno de Arte Precolombino are located a short walk from the square.

The Cuartel General del Cuerpo de Bomberos de Santiago is a building located at the corner of Santo Domingo and Paseo Puente streets, in Santiago, Chile. It was opened in 1895 and serves as headquarters for the Firefighters Corps of Santiago. It was declared as a National Historic Monument in 1983.

The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Santiago de Chile (Latin: Archidioecesis Sancti Iacobi in Chile) is one of the five Latin Metropolitan sees of the Roman Catholic Church in Chile.

The Palacio arzobispal of Santiago is the administrative seat of the Arquidiócesis de Santiago de Chile. It stands, along with the Parroquia El Sagrario and the Catedral Metropolitana, on the west side of the Plaza de Armas, in the historical downtown of the city.

Portal Fernández Concha is a historic mixed-use building in Santiago, Chile. Built in 1871 as a commercial building including a hotel, it forms the south side of the central Plaza de Armas. It was registered on 3 December 1986 as a national monument as part of the zona típico consisting of the square, the former National Congress building and nearby buildings.

Santiago Metropolitan Cathedral (Spanish: Catedral Metropolitana de Santiago) is the seat of the Archbishop of Santiago de Chile, currently Celestino Aós Braco, and the center of the archdiocese of Santiago de Chile. Construction of the neoclassical cathedral began in 1753 and ended in 1799. The architect was the Italian Gioacchino Toesca. Further alterations ordered at the end of the 19th century gave it its present appearance. Previous cathedrals in the archdiocese had been destroyed by earthquakes.The cathedral, located in the city's historic center, faces the northwest corner of Santiago's Plaza de Armas and stands near the Palacio Arzobispal de Santiago, the administrative center for the archdiocese. The cathedral is also close to the Parroquia El Sagrario, a Catholic temple and a Chilean national monument. Santiago Metropolitan Cathedral is of a Baroque style, with many ornaments, frescos, and gilded columns. Showing that architecture has layers of history, the two towers of the cathedral were added almost a whole century later.This cathedral being built 220 years ago didn't have the kind of technology or considerations that modern building today have. the main consideration being earthquakes. Since Chile is on the Atacama fault line, it experiences quite a lot of earthquakes. Large masonry buildings like the Metropolitan Cathedral weren't built with earthquake considerations, and since masonry has low tensile strength the building suffered damages and destruction due to the earthquakes. Due to all the destruction and rebuilding/remodeling the cathedral became a national historic monument in 1951.Because of all the damage due to earthquakes, tests were done to the structure of the building to see if any structural updates were necessary, which there were. Tests were needed to be done to carry out any sort of renovations or updates of the cathedral.