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Capitulation of Stettin

1806 in France1806 in PrussiaBattles of the War of the Fourth Coalition involving PrussiaConflicts in 1806Military history of Szczecin
October 1806Poland in the Napoleonic WarsSurrendersUse shortened footnotes from June 2021
Taking of Stettin by French troops 1806
Taking of Stettin by French troops 1806

In the Capitulation of Stettin on 29–30 October 1806, Lieutenant General Friedrich Gisbert Wilhelm von Romberg surrendered the garrison and fortress to a much smaller French light cavalry brigade led by General of Brigade Antoine Lasalle. This event was one of a number of surrenders by demoralized Prussian soldiers to equal or inferior French forces after their disastrous defeat at the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt on 14 October. Stettin, now Szczecin, Poland, is a port city on the Oder River near the Baltic Sea, about 120 kilometres (75 mi) northeast of Berlin. After Jena-Auerstedt, the broken Prussian armies crossed the Elbe River and fled to the northeast in an attempt to reach the east bank of the Oder. Following a two-week chase, Marshal Joachim Murat intercepted over 10,000 Prussians at the Battle of Prenzlau and bluffed them into surrendering on 28 October. The following day, Lasalle's and another French light cavalry brigade induced 4,200 more Prussians to lay down their weapons in the Capitulation of Pasewalk. On the afternoon of the 29th, Lasalle appeared before the fortress of Stettin and demanded its surrender. A completely unnerved Romberg, believing he was confronted by 30,000 Frenchmen, entered into negotiations with Lasalle and surrendered Stettin that night. Estimates of the numbers vary between 500 French hussars of the 5th and 7th French Hussars and 5,000 to 6,000 Prussians within the garrison. Within a week, the fortress of Küstrin capitulated and three isolated Prussian columns were hunted down and captured at Boldekow, Anklam, and Wolgast. This left only one Prussian corps at large between the Elbe and Oder, plus garrisons at Magdeburg and in the former Electorate of Hanover.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Capitulation of Stettin (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Capitulation of Stettin
plac Grunwaldzki, Szczecin Centrum

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N 53.4325 ° E 14.548055555556 °
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70-432 Szczecin, Centrum
West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland
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Taking of Stettin by French troops 1806
Taking of Stettin by French troops 1806
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Szczecin
Szczecin

Szczecin (UK: SHCHETCH-in, US: -⁠een, Polish: [ˈʂt͡ʂɛt͡ɕin] (listen); German: Stettin [ʃtɛˈtiːn] (listen); Swedish: Stettin [stɛˈtiːn]; Latin: Sedinum or Stetinum) is the capital and largest city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in northwestern Poland. Located near the Baltic Sea and the German border, it is a major seaport and Poland's seventh-largest city. As of December 2021, the population was 395,513.Szczecin is located on the river Oder, south of the Szczecin Lagoon and the Bay of Pomerania. The city is situated along the southwestern shore of Dąbie Lake, on both sides of the Oder and on several large islands between the western and eastern branches of the river. Szczecin is adjacent to the town of Police and is the urban centre of the Szczecin agglomeration, an extended metropolitan area that includes communities in the German states of Brandenburg and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Szczecin is the administrative and industrial centre of West Pomeranian Voivodeship and is the site of the University of Szczecin, Pomeranian Medical University, Maritime University, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin Art Academy, and the see of the Szczecin-Kamień Catholic Archdiocese. The city's historical landmarks include the Szczecin Cathedral, the Pomeranian Dukes' Castle and the National Museum. From 1999 onwards, Szczecin has served as the site of the headquarters of NATO's Multinational Corps Northeast. The city was a candidate for the European Capital of Culture in 2016.

Siege of Stettin (1659)
Siege of Stettin (1659)

The siege of Stettin (Swedish: belägringen av Stettin; German: belagerung von Stettin) occurred from 19 September to 5 November during the Second Northern War. In the middle of September, an Austrian/Imperial army of 5,000 men under the command of Jean-Louis Raduit de Souches crossed the Oder and Reglitz rivers to besiege the city as part of an Allied offensive into Swedish Pomerania. In support of these, Brandenburgian reinforcements in the form of three infantry and two cavalry regiments, in total 1,500–2,000 men under the command of Friedrich zu Dohna. Additionally, a Polish force was also present during the siege. The Allied forces quickly besieged the city, being forced to do so after their request for its capitulation was refused. On 7 October, they captured a redoubt on the nearby Oberwiek mountain, and by the middle of the month they were only some 30 or 80 paces from the Passauer bastion and the curtain going to the Holy Spirit bastion. On 20 October, after the Allies had received heavier siege artillery, they created 13 new batteries and began a new bombardment of the city after yet another request to surrender was rejected. The city burghers soon became discouraged, requesting reinforcements from Carl Gustaf Wrangel. These were granted, and on 1 November, the Swedes sortied with a force of 870–970 men. The Swedes caught the Austrians by surprise, killing and capturing hundreds along with disabling a few cannons. They also destroyed a majority of the Brandenburgian artillery. On 5 November, Wrangel departed from the city, and the Allies soon did the same, abandoning their positions. The Austrians and Brandenburgians withdrew to Greifenhagen and Löcknitz respectively, and later withdrew completely from Pomerania, securing Sweden's dominion over it.