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Deerfield railway accident

1886 in MassachusettsAccidents and incidents involving Fitchburg RailroadApril 1886 eventsDeerfield, MassachusettsRailway accidents and incidents in Massachusetts
Railway accidents in 1886

The Deerfield railway accident occurred on April 7, 1886, outside of Deerfield, Massachusetts. 11 people were killed after a washout caused Passenger Train No. 35 to fall 100 feet down an embankment.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Deerfield railway accident (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors).

Deerfield railway accident
Hawks Road,

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N 42.540277777778 ° E -72.655 °
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Hawks Road

Hawks Road
01342
Massachusetts, United States
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Raid on Deerfield
Raid on Deerfield

The Raid on Deerfield, also known as the Deerfield Massacre, occurred during Queen Anne's War on February 29, 1704, when French and Native American raiders under the command of Jean-Baptiste Hertel de Rouville attacked the English colonial settlement of Deerfield, Massachusetts, just before dawn. They burned parts of the town and killed 47 colonists. The raiders left with 112 colonists as captives, whom they took overland the nearly 300 miles to Montreal; some died or were killed along the way because they were unable keep up. Roughly 60 colonists were later ransomed by their associates, while others were adopted by Mohawk families at Kahnawake and became assimilated into the tribe. In this period, English colonists and their Indian allies were involved in similar raids against French villages along the northern area between the spheres of influence. Typical of the small-scale frontier conflict in Queen Anne's War, the French-Indian forces consisted of French soldiers and about 240 Indian warriors, mostly Abenaki (from what is now Maine), but including Huron (Wyandot) from Lorette, Mohawk from Kahnawake (both mission villages), and a number of Pocomtuc who had once lived in the Deerfield area. Given the diversity of personnel, motivations, and material objectives, the raiders did not achieve full surprise when they entered the palisaded village. The defenders of some fortified houses in the village successfully held off the raiders until arriving reinforcements prompted their retreat. However, the raid was a clear victory for the French coalition that aimed to take captives and unsettle English colonial frontier society. More than 100 captives were taken, and about 40 percent of the village houses were destroyed. Although predicted because of existing tensions during the war, the raid shocked colonists throughout New England. Conflict increased with the French and French-allied Indians. Frontier settlements took actions to fortify their towns and prepare for war. The raid has been immortalized as a part of the early American frontier story, principally due to the published account by a prominent captive, the Rev. John Williams, who was the principal leader of the village. He and much of his family were taken on the long overland journey to Canada. His seven-year-old daughter Eunice was adopted by a Mohawk family; she became assimilated, married a Mohawk man, and had a family with him. Williams's account, The Redeemed Captive, was published in 1707 soon after his release, and was widely popular in the colonies. It became part of the genre known as captivity narratives.

Deerfield, Massachusetts
Deerfield, Massachusetts

Deerfield is a town in Franklin County, Massachusetts, United States. Settled near the Connecticut River in the 17th century during the colonial era, the population was 5,090 as of the 2020 census. Deerfield is part of the Springfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area in western Massachusetts, lying 30 miles (48 km) north of the city of Springfield. Deerfield includes the villages of South Deerfield and Old Deerfield, which is home to two museums: Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association and Historic Deerfield, Inc. Historic Deerfield is designated as a National Historic Landmark district, and the organization operates a museum with a focus on decorative arts, early American material culture, and history. Its eleven house museums offer interpretation of society, history, and culture from the colonial era through the late nineteenth century. The Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association operates Memorial Hall Museum, which opened in 1880, as well as the Indian House Memorial Children's Museum and Bloody Brook Tavern. The site of early 18th century colonial battles including the Raid on Deerfield, the town is a center of heritage tourism in the Pioneer Valley. Deerfield has numerous schools, including Deerfield Academy, a private secondary preparatory school; Frontier Regional High School; Deerfield Elementary; and two separate private junior boarding schools, Bement School, which is co-ed, and Eaglebrook School, which is a school for boys.

Conway School of Landscape Design
Conway School of Landscape Design

The Conway School (Conway) is a graduate program for sustainable landscape design and planning. It was founded in 1972 in a rural 24.5-acre (99,000 m2) campus in Conway, Massachusetts, and in 2015 opened a new campus in a renovated mill in Easthampton, Massachusetts. In 2018, the school moved to a renovated historic Coach House building in the Village Hill neighborhood of Northampton, Massachusetts. The graduate school offers a unique Master of Science degree in Ecological Design. The school accepts about twenty students each year into its 10-month program. The mission of the Conway School is to explore, develop, practice, and teach design that is ecologically and socially sustainable. The program puts particular emphasis on communication skills and community building. Students work on real projects with real clients at varying scales, from residential landscaping to urban planning and management of entire watersheds and food system. The curriculum and projects are designed to provide graduates with the basic knowledge and skills necessary to practice the planning, design, and management of the land that respects nature as well as humanity; develop ecological awareness, understanding, respect, and accommodation in the school's students and project clients; and produce projects that fit human use to natural conditions. Conway's founder, landscape architect and planner Walter Cudnohofsky, served as director from 1972 to 1992. Donald Walker, alum of the class of 1978, was the director from 1992 to 2005. Landscape architect Paul Cawood Hellmund served as director from 2006 to 2015. In 2016, the school adopted a shared leadership model. Currently, alum and former board member Bruce Stedman '78 is executive director, Ken Byrne is academic director and alum Priscilla Novitt is administrative director.