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Kilometer Zero (Bucharest)

Buildings and structures completed in 1938Geography of BucharestGeography of RomaniaMonuments and memorials in Bucharest
RO B St George church km 0
RO B St George church km 0

The Kilometer Zero monument (Romanian: Kilometrul Zero) located in central Bucharest, Romania, in front of Saint George's Church, was created by Constantin Baraschi in 1938. The distances from Bucharest to other cities in Romania are measured from this monument. It is divided into eight sections, each representing a Romanian historical province: Muntenia, Dobruja, Bessarabia, Moldavia, Bukovina, Transylvania, Banat, and Oltenia. Among the cities inscribed on it are also Cahul, Chișinău, Orhei, and Tighina (which are currently in the Republic of Moldova), Cernăuți, Cetatea Albă, Ismail, and Storojineț (now in Ukraine), as well as Bazargic and Silistra (now in Bulgaria), which were part of Greater Romania before World War II.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article Kilometer Zero (Bucharest) (License: CC BY-SA 3.0, Authors, Images).

Kilometer Zero (Bucharest)
Strada Sfântul Gheorghe, Bucharest Centrul Istoric (Sector 3)

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N 44.432741666667 ° E 26.103902777778 °
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Kilometrul 0

Strada Sfântul Gheorghe
030184 Bucharest, Centrul Istoric (Sector 3)
Romania
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RO B St George church km 0
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Bucharest
Bucharest

Bucharest (UK: BOO-kə-REST, US: -⁠rest; Romanian: București [bukuˈreʃtʲ] (listen)) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre. It is located in the southeast of the country, on the banks of the Dâmbovița River, less than 60 km (37.3 mi) north of the Danube River and the Bulgarian border. Bucharest was first mentioned in documents in 1459. It became the capital of Romania in 1862 and is the centre of Romanian media, culture, and art. Its architecture is a mix of historical (mostly Eclectic, but also Neoclassical and Art Nouveau), interbellum (Bauhaus, Art Deco and Romanian Revival architecture), communist era and modern. In the period between the two World Wars, the city's elegant architecture and the sophistication of its elite earned Bucharest the nickname of 'Paris of the East' (Romanian: Parisul Estului) or 'Little Paris' (Romanian: Micul Paris). Although buildings and districts in the historic city centre were heavily damaged or destroyed by war, earthquakes, and even Nicolae Ceaușescu's program of systematization, many survived and have been renovated. In recent years, the city has been experiencing an economic and cultural boom. It is one of the fastest-growing high-tech cities in Europe, according to the Financial Times, CBRE, TechCrunch, and others. UiPath, a global startup founded in Bucharest, has reached over $35 billion in valuation. Since 2019, Bucharest hosts the largest high tech summit in Southeast Europe (Romania Blockchain Summit).In 2016, the historical city centre was listed as 'endangered' by the World Monuments Watch. In 2017, Bucharest was the European city with the highest growth of tourists who stay over night, according to the Mastercard Global Index of Urban Destinations. As for the past two consecutive years, 2018 and 2019, Bucharest ranked as the European destination with the highest potential for development according to the same study.According to the 2011 census, 1,883,425 inhabitants live within the city limits. Adding the satellite towns around the urban area, the proposed metropolitan area of Bucharest would have a population of 2.27 million people. In 2020, the government used 2.5 million people as the basis for pandemic reports. Bucharest is the fourth largest city in the European Union by population within city limits, after Berlin, Madrid, and Rome, just ahead of Paris. Economically, Bucharest is the most prosperous city in Romania. The city has a number of large convention facilities, educational institutes, cultural venues, traditional 'shopping arcades' and recreational areas. The city proper is administratively known as the 'Municipality of Bucharest' (Municipiul București), and has the same administrative level as that of a national county, being further subdivided into six sectors, each governed by a local mayor.

St. Elijah–Colței Inn Church
St. Elijah–Colței Inn Church

The St. Elijah–Colței Inn Church (Romanian: Biserica Sfântul Ilie–Hanul Colței) is a Romanian Orthodox church located at 18 Doamnei Street in the Lipscani quarter of Bucharest, Romania. It is dedicated to the Prophet Elijah. Reportedly, around 1725-1730, Clucer Radu Colțea built a wooden church on land that passed to the Colței Inn after 1745. In 1841, inn manager Lazăr Kalenderoglu demolished the church and built the present one a short distance away; both had as their patron Elijah, the protector of travelers by land. In 1954, the Bucharest Archdiocese renovated the church and handed it over to the local Bulgarian community. The grant was formalized that October during a re-sanctification ceremony involving Romanian Patriarch Justinian, his Bulgarian counterpart Cyril and a large number of priests from both countries. In 2009, as part of an effort to reclaim properties lost under the communist regime, the Romanian Church reclaimed the building, which underwent restoration and consolidation in 2012-2015.Located at the end of a yard, the basilica-shaped church measures 22.5 meters long by 13 meters wide. It has three naves, the central one being longer than the others, with its semicircular altar apse. The small octagonal bell tower on the western facade is covered in tin, with a pyramidal roof. Entrance is through a small vestibule with a pediment featuring a three-lobed arch resting on simple columns and corner pilasters. The long ceiling of the main nave is flat, while the lateral naves have curved ceilings each resting on three columns. A round window above the entrance lights the wooden choir area. The facades are decorated with neoclassical touches: pilasters support an architrave and cornice slightly in profile. The western facade has a trapezoidal pediment merging into the base of the dome. The sides have two rows of buttresses that sustain pressure from the ceiling arches. The interior is painted in fresco, while the entrance is flanked by icons in niches of Saints Peter and Paul.The church is listed as a historic monument by Romania's Ministry of Culture and Religious Affairs, as is the late-19th century parish house.

Old St. George Church
Old St. George Church

The Old St. George Church (Romanian: Biserica Sfântul Gheorghe Vechi) is a Romanian Orthodox church located at 36 Calea Moșilor in Bucharest, Romania. It is dedicated to Saint George. A monastery was established on the site in 1492, as mentioned in the 1848 pisanie. The nearby foundation of a 16th-century church was excavated in 1954. Tradition holds that the monastery was the seat of the Metropolis of Ungro-Wallachia between 1545 and 1575. The complex was destroyed by Ottoman forces in November 1595, following the Battle of Călugăreni. A 1621 document mentions the imposing bell tower that likely survived until the Great Fire of 1847. Documents of the 1660s and ‘70s mention the church, which burned in 1718 but was rebuilt in 1724. Seriously damaged by the 1802 and 1838 earthquakes, it was finally destroyed by the 1847 Great Fire of Bucharest. Quickly rebuilt by parishioners, it reopened in 1849. The frail structure was demolished in 1875.The parish council supervised the rebuilding of the church, which was completed in 1881 and consecrated the same year by Calinic Miclescu. Gheorghe Pompilian, inspired by Gheorghe Tattarescu, executed the painting. The iconostasis, carved in sycamore, is in the Ukrainian Baroque style, as is the church itself. Parts of the interior are linden, while the massive entrance door is oak. Renovations were carried out following the 1940 earthquake, in 1964 and in the 1980s and ‘90s.The cross-shaped church is 32 x 16.9 meters, with the Christ Pantocrator dome reaching 24 meters high. The narthex, typical of the 19th century, is especially large. There is an original crypt under the altar. The structure has walls of 90-100 centimeters thick, on a foundation of cement and brick. The windows are of stained glass. The exterior is simple, the decor consisting of pilasters with neo-Corinthian capitals. A Greek Revival pediment sits above the portico. The domes are characteristically Ukrainian Baroque, but adapted for Romanian preferences.The church is listed as a historic monument by Romania's Ministry of Culture and Religious Affairs.